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Smith, Dean P.; Eikeseth, Svein; Fletcher, Sarah E.; Montebelli, Lisa; Smith, Holly R.; Taylor, Jennifer C. – Analysis of Verbal Behavior, 2016
The purpose of the present study was to assess whether intraverbal behavior, in the form of answers to questions, emerges as a result of listener training for five children diagnosed with autism. Listener responses were targeted and taught using prompting and differential reinforcement. Following successful acquisition of listener responses, the…
Descriptors: Autism, Listening Skills, Listening Comprehension, Prompting
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Bloh, Christopher; Scagliotti, Christopher; Baugh, Sarah; Sheenan, Megan; Silas, Shane; Zulli, Nicole – Journal of Special Education Apprenticeship, 2017
Five reinforcing activities were presented to and interrupted for two participants with autism. An errorless teaching procedure was then introduced with two similar activities prompting the participants to request information saying "How?" in order to resume the activity. The dependent variable included both the cumulative number of…
Descriptors: Autism, Teaching Methods, Verbal Operant Conditioning, Reinforcement
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Neuringer, Allen – Behavior Analyst, 2012
The target paper by Barba (2012) raises issues that were the focus of the author's first two publications on operant variability. The author will describe the main findings in those papers and then discuss Barba's specific arguments. Barba has argued against the operant nature of variability. (Contains 2 figures.)
Descriptors: Reinforcement, Conditioning, Operant Conditioning, Feedback (Response)
Cumiskey Moore, Colleen – ProQuest LLC, 2017
In three experiments, I tested the effects of the conditioned reinforcement for reading (R+Reading) on reading comprehension with 5th graders. In Experiment 1, I conducted a series of statistical analyses with data from 18 participants for one year. I administered 4 pre/post measurements for reading repertoires which included: 1) state-wide…
Descriptors: Conditioning, Reinforcement, Reading Instruction, Reading Comprehension
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Johnson, Gaige; Kohler, Kelly; Ross, Denise – Early Child Development and Care, 2017
The purpose of the current paper is to describe the impact of applied behaviour analysis on language treatment for children with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) diagnoses. Specifically, this paper will describe Skinner's theory of verbal behaviour and its contributions to evidence-based treatments for communication deficits among individuals with…
Descriptors: Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Verbal Communication, Children
Darcy, Laura – ProQuest LLC, 2017
In Experiment 1, I conducted a functional analysis of student rate of learning with and without a peer-yoked contingency for 12 students in Kindergarten through 2nd grade in order to determine if they had conditioned reinforcement for collaboration. Using an ABAB reversal design, I compared rate of learning as measured by learn units to criterion…
Descriptors: Elementary School Students, Kindergarten, Grade 1, Grade 2
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Gevarter, Cindy; O'Reilly, Mark F.; Kuhn, Michelle; Mills, Kasey; Ferguson, Raechal; Watkins, Laci; Sigafoos, Jeff; Lang, Russell; Rojeski, Laura; Lancioni, Giulio E. – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 2016
This study aimed to teach individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and limited vocal speech to emit target vocalizations while using a speech-generating device (SGD). Of the 4 participants, 3 began emitting vocal word approximations with SGD responses after vocal instructional methods (delays, differential reinforcement, prompting) were…
Descriptors: Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Speech Impairments, Assistive Technology
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Singh, Teghpal; McDannald, Michael A.; Takahashi, Yuji K.; Haney, Richard Z.; Cooch, Nisha K.; Lucantonio, Federica; Schoenbaum, Geoffrey – Learning & Memory, 2011
While knowing what to expect is important, it is equally important to know when to expect it and to respond accordingly. This is apparent even in simple Pavlovian training situations in which animals learn to respond more strongly closer to reward delivery. Here we report that the nucleus accumbens core, an area well-positioned to represent…
Descriptors: Rewards, Classical Conditioning, Behavior Modification, Operant Conditioning
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Najdowski, Adel C.; Bergstrom, Ryan; Tarbox, Jonathan; St. Clair, Megan – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 2017
Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often have difficulty inferring the private events of others, including private verbal behavior (e.g., thoughts), private emotional responses, and private establishing operations, often referred to as "perspective taking" by the general psychology community. Children with ASD also have…
Descriptors: Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Verbal Communication, Emotional Response
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Coureaud, Gerard; Tourat, Audrey; Ferreira, Guillaume – Learning & Memory, 2013
This study evaluated whether olfactory preconditioning is functional in newborn rabbits and based on joined or independent memory of odorants. First, after exposure to odorants A+B, the conditioning of A led to high responsiveness to odorant B. Second, responsiveness to B persisted after amnesia of A. Third, preconditioning was also functional…
Descriptors: Memory, Animals, Neonates, Olfactory Perception
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Winterbauer, Neil E.; Lucke, Sara; Bouton, Mark E. – Learning and Motivation, 2013
In resurgence, an operant behavior that has undergone extinction can return ("resurge") when a second operant that has replaced it itself undergoes extinction. The phenomenon may provide insight into relapse that may occur after incentive or contingency management therapies in humans. Three experiments with rats examined the impact of several…
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Operant Conditioning, Contingency Management, Animals
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Carmack, Stephanie A.; Howell, Kristin K.; Rasaei, Kleou; Reas, Emilie T.; Anagnostaras, Stephan G. – Learning & Memory, 2014
Methylphenidate (MPH), introduced more than 60 years ago, accounts for two-thirds of current prescriptions for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Although many studies have modeled MPH's effect on executive function, almost none have directly modeled its effect on long-term memory (LTM), even though improvement in LTM is a…
Descriptors: Animals, Drug Use, Long Term Memory, Fear
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Fernando, Anushka B. P.; Urcelay, Gonzalo P.; Mar, Adam C.; Dickinson, Anthony; Robbins, Trevor W. – Learning & Memory, 2014
Safety signals provide "relief" through predicting the absence of an aversive event. At issue is whether these signals also act as instrumental reinforcers. Four experiments were conducted using a free-operant lever-press avoidance paradigm in which each press avoided shock and was followed by the presentation of a 5-sec auditory safety…
Descriptors: Reinforcement, Operant Conditioning, Safety, Anxiety
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Raab, Melinda; Dunst, Carl J.; Hamby, Deborah W. – Research and Practice for Persons with Severe Disabilities, 2016
Findings from a randomized controlled design study of an ability-based versus needs-based approach to response-contingent learning among children with significant developmental delays and disabilities who did not use instrumental behavior to produce reinforcing consequences are reported. The ability-based intervention and needs-based intervention…
Descriptors: Disabilities, Developmental Delays, Intervention, Young Children
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Mason, Lee L.; Andrews, Alonzo; Rivera, Christopher J.; Davis, Don – Global Education Review, 2016
Over the past few years an increasing number of schools and community organizations have developed transformative learning spaces referred to as "MakerSpaces" for research and training purposes. MakerSpaces are organizations in which members sharing similar interests in science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) gather to work on…
Descriptors: Special Education Teachers, Student Needs, Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders
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