The claim that work-based experience improves students' academic performance was examined through a study of the academic progress of 25 high school and community college student interns employed in various health care workplaces. Data were collected from the following activities: (1) review of the literature on academic reinforcement and academic…

Twenty-four studies are reviewed for home-based reinforcement of school behavior as a method for motivating behavioral change. It is noted that the technique has been used successfully with children in group homes and in special classes, and with entire mainstreamed and special classrooms. (MH)

This study investigated differences in predisposing factors, enabling factors, reinforcing factors, and smoking behavior among middle school students in rural, urban, and suburban areas of Shanghai (China). Surveys in 11 schools indicated that students' smoking behavior was affected strongly by enabling factors and reinforcing factors related to…

This review covers the psychological literature of the last 30 years regarding the personality and motivational characteristics of individuals with mental retardation. The first section is a brief historical review and critical examination of the various conceptual models and theories regarding personality and motivational processes in persons…

Operant conditioning techniques were used to modify verbal behavior in 18 institutionalized, trainable mentally handicapped mongoloids with chronological ages from 4-6 to 7-10 and mental ages from 2.0 to 2.10. Two instruments were constructed to evaluate language: a language test and a speech rating scale. Project leaders had no prior knowledge of…

Intended for use by local school districts, the manual provides guidelines for implementation of the Project APT (Application of Psychological Theory) inservice training course for teachers and administrators--a 10-week course presenting principles of reinforcement, general classroom management, objective writing, and task analysis for management…

One hundred and eighty-two documents comprise this ERIC Clearinghouse on Urban Education comprehensive annotated bibliography of doctoral dissertations on social and psychological studies of minority children and youth. Documents were assembled through a computer search using the Datrix System of University Microfilms and through a manual search…

Presented in the first of a two volume series are four workshop training kits for development of teacher skills to be used with severely handicapped children and six workshop experience kits for training personnel to instruct inservice teachers. Directions are given for use of the kits, media, and a series of kits for evaluating, planning, or…

This instructional module describes procedures for training prospective and practicing teachers to use two strategies for enhancing the efficiency of instructing children with mild disabilities: manipulating attending cues and responses and using instructive feedback. The module contains the following information: (a) a description of the…

This coding manual was developed for the Texas Teacher Effectiveness Study and is intended to be self-contained. The coding system provides for extensive coding of student initiated questions and comments, opinion questions, and expanded private work contracts, both teacher initiated and student initiated, including extensive coding of quality and…

Correlations indicating the direction and magnitude of relationships between measures of classroom processes and residual scores on the Metropolitan Achievement Test are presented and discussed for second and third grade classrooms. Many of the findings are differentiated according to the socioeconomic status of the pupils and the context of the…

The effects of amount of exposure to response/outcome independence and teacher expressiveness on student ratings of the instructor, achievement test performance, and attribution items were studied. University students completed an aptitude test that provided contingent or noncontingent feedback and varied in length (short, medium, or long). All…

AS ONE PHASE OF RESEARCH IN APPLIED ANTHROPOLOGY, YAQUI INDIAN AND MEXICAN MEN IN ARIZONA HAVE PARTICIPATED FOR THREE YEARS IN EXPERIMENTAL PROGRAMED COURSES IN BASIC ENGLISH AND ARITHMETIC. THE STUDENTS HAD PREVIOUSLY HAD AN AVERAGE OF FIVE YEARS' FORMAL SCHOOLING. A BATTERY OF STANDARD OBJECTIVE TESTS WAS GIVEN TO MEASURE IQ AND ABILITY TO READ…

THIRTY-THREE ARTICLES ILLUSTRATE THE EDITOR'S FORMULATION OF ISSUES CONCERNING THE PROBLEM OF MENTAL RETARDATION--(1) THE TRIPARTITE (ONTOLOGICAL, FUNCTIONAL, AND EDOLOGICAL) NATURE OF RETARDATION, (2) THE NECESSITY TO MOVE BEYOND A SINGLE DISCIPLINE IN DEALING WITH RETARDATION, (3) THE NUMBER OF AGENCIES NOW INVOLVED IN STUDY AND CARE, AND (4)…

This "Connecting With Others" curriculum for kindergarten through grade 2 will help students learn to be sensitive to differences, resolve conflicts without resorting to violence, and learn tolerance and acceptance of others. Includes 30 lessons divided into five skill areas: Concept of Self and Others, Socialization, Problem Solving and…