Here, we explored the structure of the 'Parenting Strategies Questionnaire', a new scale designed to measure parenting strategies for problem behaviour in ASD. We then examined links between child behaviour and parenting in a sample of 222 predominantly-UK parents of ASD children exhibiting behaviour found difficult or challenging. Analysis…

Confirms that subjects with high-nurturant mothers are more effective self-reinforcers than subjects with low-nurturant mothers. (MH)

Details the concepts of reinforcement and punishment and their roles in parenting. Claims that responding only to a child's negative behavior is problematic. Disputes contrary opinions of reinforcement techniques and outlines the importance of teaching and reinforcing desirable behavior. Provides examples as illustrations. (RJM)

Parents of young children feel a keen obligation to maintain adequate control over their child's behavior. In this paper, factors are examined that in all probability affect the adult's success in maintaining sensible control and changing child behavior when it seems necessary to do so. Five such factors are: (1) the child's desire to please his…

The research reported here has suggested some directions for future research designed to specify those environmental conditions that are most likely to lead to growth in internal control among children. (Author)

Evaluates the effectiveness of self-learning pictorial-parenting manuals in teaching basic child-care skills to parents with intellectual disabilities who are being monitored by child protection agencies. The manuals alone increased child-care skills in nine out of 10 mother in the study and in 12 of 13 child-care skills. The remaining skill was…

Consistent with existing theory, the quality of parent-child interactions during early childhood affects children's social relationships and behavioral adjustment during middle childhood and adolescence. Harsh parenting and a propensity toward emotional overarousal interact very early in life to affect risk for later conduct problems. Less…

Attempts to integrate the ethological interpretation of the Bell and Ainsworth findings on the promptness of mother reaction to infant crying, with operant laboratory infant research. Suggests an alternative operant interpretation based on the concept of counter conditioning. (Author/ED)

A total of 540 college students were run in two verbal discrimination learning studies (the second, a replication of the first) with one of three verbal reward conditions. In both studies, equal numbers of male and female subjects were run in each reward condition by each male and female experimenter. (MS)

This study evaluates parental use of differential reinforcement of other and/or incompatible behavior to treat high-rate disruptive behavior in a severely retarded four-year-old boy. A withdrawal experimental design was used. Intervention effectively reduced instances of toy chewing and throwing, while appropriate toy play and ability to remain…

Presented is a manual for parents of children in the Papillion (Nebraska) Title III elementary level "engineered classroom" program which stresses accomplishment of academic goals by emotionally disturbed students. Explained are the concept of behavioral modification, how children learn, practical aspects of negative and positive…

The authors discuss parental punishment practices that do not violate children's physical integrity. Physical punishment is still quite prevalent in the United States and Great Britain. Many studies indicate that not only does physical punishment not prevent the recurrence of undesirable behaviors, but it leads to psychopathology, especially…

Introduces research comparing changes in the child rearing practices of employed and nonemployed mothers of four-year-old children. Also discusses the mother's occupational role as it influences the parent's attitudes in child rearing practices. No significant differences were found between the employed and nonemployed mothers on six Child Rearing…

It is in small schools' interest to educate parents in behavioral management skills. Concepts taught should include positive reinforcement by shaping, charting, contingency contracting, reinforcing incompatible behavior, and time-out. Parents will need help in becoming more structured in parent/child interactions, aware of reinforcement habits,…