Examines effects of audio and visual redundancy on recall and story understanding in television news. Indicates that college students who viewed voice-over news stories varying in amount of redundancy showed higher auditory recall and story understanding in the high-redundancy condition than in the lower redundancy conditions. Visual recall shows…

No age differences were found in recall accuracy, types of errors, or introspective reports describing perceived recall strategies. Subjects were 8-, 12-, and 21-year-olds. These findings suggest even the eight-year-olds were able to employ a visual code and to retain it for several seconds in a situation in which incentive to do so was provided.…

Low-frequency words produce more hits and fewer false alarms than high-frequency words in a recognition task. The low-frequency hit rate advantage has sometimes been attributed to processes that operate during the recognition test (e.g., L. M. Reder et al., 2000). When tasks other than recognition, such as recall, cued recall, or associative…

Textons are elongated blobs of specific color, angular orientation, ends of lines, and crossings of line segments that are proposed to be the perceptual building blocks of the visual system. A study was conducted to explore the relative memorability of different types and arrangements of textons, exploring the time course for the discrimination…

Recall of the spatial location of objects in four object arrays was studied with subjects ranging in age between 5 and 23 years. Using pictorial materials, the procedure focused on the variation with age of conditions which affect recall of the objects and their location. (GO)

Eighty-six adults serially recalled lists of visually presented consonant letters similar in auditory or visual features or dissimilar on both feature sets. There were significantly more errors at every auditory list position than at the corresponding visual and neutral list positions, which did not themselves differ. Positive correlation exists…

This study examined first graders' use of strategic behavior (looking more during study and categorizing during study) in response to perceiving instructions versus remembering instructions. (BRT)

The study involving 20 retarded and 20 control children (all 10 to 13 years old) was conducted to determine the extent to which short-term memory of three-dimensional stimuli is dependent upon a verbal process for both normal and retarded children. (SBH)

The present experiments have served to reduce the distinction between the clustering of items from a categorized list and the subjective organization of items from an unrelated list. (Author)

Nine-year-old students were given one presentation of a list of nouns and then performed both recall and recognition tasks. Visual presentation facilitated recall. (ST)

This study investigates the information processing requirements of paired associate task under the following conditions: imagery vs. rote instructions, low vs. high item imagery, and visual vs. aural reaction time signals. (Author)