This best-evidence synthesis reviews the past 20 years of rigorous reading intervention research to identify effective programs of instruction for Grade K-3 English Learners (ELs), as well as to determine the average effect of reading instruction on reading outcomes for this population. We identified 10 studies, all of which only included students…

Academic language and its associations with school success have been established in many prior studies. However, the scholarship lacks research on the mechanisms that constitute these relations. This study investigates the mediating role of motivational-­affective variables, specifically reading self-concept and reading enjoyment, in relations…

In-person tutoring has been shown to improve academic achievement. Though less well-researched, virtual tutoring has also shown a positive effect on achievement but has only been studied in grade five or above. We present findings from the first randomized controlled trial of virtual tutoring for young children (grades K-2). Students were assigned…

Repeated readings (RR) is an evidence-based instructional technique in which students read the same text multiple times. Currently, little is known about how effects of RR may differ based on students' achievement levels. Eye tracking provides a means for closely examining instructional effects because it permits measurement of subtle changes that…

The purpose of the current study was to examine the mindless reading behavior of children. Across two studies, 2nd-grade students read passages while their eye movements were monitored. Trained raters then identified mindless reading behaviors from the eye movement records. Several important findings emerged. We were able to reliably identify…

This article examines how a second-grader demonstrates that reading is not about decoding letters and words in linear order but is a more complex activity involving the reader's decisions with respect to several aspects of their knowledge of their language and how comprehension is key to transacting with texts. The paper observes and documents the…

The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of aligning classroom core reading instruction with the supplementary reading instruction provided to 133 struggling grade 2 readers. A 2-group, pre-posttest true experimental design was employed in this study. In 11 elementary schools, 12 teachers taught both the aligned and unaligned core and…

An economics-driven discourse about early literacy (Trudell, 2009) in sub-Saharan African settings often includes a list of reasons for poor levels of literacy that remain mired in deficit thinking or a deficiencies model in which the problem lies within the non-literate people themselves. Meanwhile, the established post-colonial educational…

A study explored the relationship between student behavior ("troubling" versus "non-troubling") and reading achievement among second-grade students. Of the 128 students enrolled in regular education classrooms at Paul Revere Elementary School (a public school in a southern suburb of Chicago), 30 were randomly selected to be a…

A study investigated differences in reading achievement of students taught with a whole language philosophy compared to students taught using a basal textbook. Subjects, 20 second grade students taught using a whole language philosophy and 17 second grade students in the same school using basal textbooks, were given pre- and posttests to determine…

The purpose of this study was to determine how reading achievement is affected by six independent personality factors (PF) exhibited by second-grade pupils. Personality factors involved are: (A) reserved vs. outgoing, (B) less intelligent vs. more intelligent, (C) feelings vs. emotionally stable, (D) phlegmatic vs. excitable, (E) obedient vs.…

Examines the contributions of rapid automatic naming, verbal ability, and phonological awareness to the prediction of phonological and orthographic skills from the first to the second grade. Illustrates how explicit computational models of reading can clarify relations among tasks commonly used in reading research. (SC)

A study determined if there was a correlation between reading achievement of children in grade two and the amount of time they spent watching television. Thirteen second-grade students responded to a survey given to determine the number of hours they spent reading and the number of hours they watched television over a three-week period. The number…

Presents research on the effectiveness of the "Picture-Vocabulary-Story," a new approach to reading and language instruction. (RB)

THE RESULTS FROM AN EXPERIMENT TESTING A SERIES OF SIX HYPOTHESES DEDUCED FROM THE DELACATO INTERPRETATION OF NEUROLOGICAL ORGANIZATION ARE PRESENTED. SUBJECTS IN THE 3-MONTH STUDY WERE SECOND GRADERS FROM THE CHICAGO ARCHDIOCESAN SCHOOL SYSTEM WHO REPRESENTED SIMILAR BACKGROUNDS AND SOCIOECONOMIC LEVELS. COMPARISONS WERE MADE OF THE READING AND…