This report misrepresents and then criticizes recommendations from the Minnesota Department of Education, a think tank and two independent study groups, each of which recently encouraged particular voluntary efforts to reduce concentrated poverty and achieve racial and socioeconomic integration in schools and housing in Minnesota. In building its…

Court cases dealing with school desegregation have become increasingly complex over the years. The major portion of this paper highlights six of those cases, which provide a picture of the shifting positions of the federal judiciary on the subject. The purpose of the discussion is to allow school administrators to incorporate the current law into…

Reviews four prominent books on the subject of busing Blacks and Whites. Describes the rationale behind school integration as being the promotion of educational equality and the provision of interracial contact. Questions whether society has accomplished its goals for equality and calls for more research on the subject of the history of school…

The policies and procedures described in this manual were developed to implement court-ordered desegregation transportation service for the interdistrict transfer plan. For the most part, these policies and procedures have been in effect since the beginning of the 1982-83 school year. The State Board of Education has acknowledged these policies…

A close examination of Memphis, Tennessee, public school desegregation since Brown vs. Board of Education demonstrates how successful many southern communities have been in circumventing the decision. By 1981 White flight to the suburbs and increased enrollment in private schools left a public school system 76 percent Black and 24 percent White.…

When the Norfolk, VA, school board voted to end mandatory busing to achieve racial integration, questions on the following issues were raised: (1) civil rights; (2) the property-based school tax system; and (3) impact on educational quality. (LHW)

The role of clergy in the successful desegregation of Dayton Schools from 1969-79 is described. Prior to a 1976 federal court order to begin busing, the clergy were unable to agree on desegregation issues. However, during the second phase of the controversy, they publicly endorsed peaceful implementation of busing. A conclusion is that the clergy…

This paper presents a set of new ideas which support the value of school desegregation in the United States. First, school desegregation efforts have been almost universally effective, no matter what implementation strategy was employed. Even busing, although widely criticized, has been effective. Second, desegregation efforts have usually…

In spite of almost 30 years of busing to achieve racial balance, there continues to be a significant gap between White and African American children in terms of school achievement, and African American students still score below national averages on achievement tests. As the city of Pittsburgh (Pennsylvania) considers whether to reduce or maintain…

The author strongly criticizes busing, the compulsory transportation of school children out of their neighborhoods to increase school racial balance. He reviews all the major court decisions bearing on busing and school integration since the 1954 Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka decision. He maintains that the Supreme Court stepped out of the…