Recounts actions of the Internal Revenue Service and the federal government from 1965 to 1982 involving tax exempt status and racially discriminatory schools. Traces federal court decisions on the issue since 1970, including "Green v. Connally" and current Supreme Court cases involving Bob Jones University (South Carolina) and Goldsboro…

The Court's strong endorsement, albeit in a limited factual setting, of voluntary remedial preferences should give some aid to those seeking equal opportunity in employment. Available from School of Law, Creighton University, 2200 California St., Omaha, NE 68178. (Author/IRT)

Although the Supreme Court has refrained from answering whether the membership policies of private clubs can be attacked on state action grounds, the Fifth Circuit Court of Appeals held in the affirmative in Golden v. Biscayne Bay Yacht Club. It ruled that leasing publicly owned bay bottom land to a yacht club constituted sufficient state…

It is suggested that back pay should accrue until the victimized employee reaches the rightful employment position and that courts should abandon confusing terminology like "back" or "front" pay in favor of a "make whole order" or another phrase more descriptive of the nature rather than the time of the award. For…

Notes various omissions in Daniel and Timken's (EJ 591 141) recitation of "Bakke" and "Hopwood." Examines their chief criticism of the "Hopwood" decision: that it overruled "Bakke," and the contention that the Fifth Circuit overruled because it did not have to address the question of whether educational…

A new bill specifically states that an entire institution is covered by antidiscrimination laws if it receives any federal support. The bill was designed to counteract the effects of a 1984 Supreme Court decision involving Grove City College, and it applies to sex, age, disability, and racial discrimination laws. (MSE)

This report provides an overview of the struggle to desegregate schools in the United States. It describes the two phases of desegregation, focusing on court decisions that influenced desegregation and how these decisions changed the composition of the schools. It opens with the 1849 decision that asserted that desegregation was for the good of…

Surveys the objectives of Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the court decisions and complex administrative regulations which have followed from it, focusing on the cases of Griggs vs. Duke Power Co., Johnson vs. Pike Corp. of America, and Long vs. Ford Motor Co. (JM)

A review on both a state-by-state basis and on the national level of developments pertaining to school integration, racial discrimination and sex discrimination, including unemployment of minority group teenagers, textbook bias, Black freshmen enrollment trends, sex discrimination in hiring of women with doctorates, federal court litigation and…

Given the lack of judicial clarity on desegregation and the general reluctance of society to follow the spirit and intent of the Brown decisions, it is not surprising that problems have arisen as a result of desegregation efforts. Nor is it surprising that minority students, teachers, and administrators have been the ones to pay for those…

This paper discusses Congressional and judicial attempts to deal with the problem of employment practices which lead to discriminatory outcomes but which may not be discriminatory in intent. The use of paper and pencil tests as standards for hiring and promotion is focused on as an example of this type of employment practice. An historical account…

Attacks the Consent Decree (which formally ended the dispute between the Office for Civil Rights and the University of North Carolina, over hiring at the University) as paternalistic and racist. Describes the Decree as resorting to omissions when it is advantageous to Whites and to generalities when it is advantageous to Blacks. (CMG)

Reviewed are the position of the Internal Revenue Service on racial discrimination and federal income tax exemptions for private educational organizations and possible impacts of the Bakke decision on the issue. (Journal availability: School of Law, Martin Luther King, Jr. Hall, University of California, Davis, CA 95616.) (MSE)

In Bellamy v. Masons's Stores, Inc., the Fourth Circuit of Appeals held that section 1985 (3) of the Ku Klux Klan Act displayed a congressional intent that state action be required for an action based on a conspiracy to deprive first amendment rights. The decision is examined in regard to Griffin v. Breckenridge. For journal availability see HE…