Oliver Cromwell Carmichael, the University of Alabama's 19th president, was president during a time of controversy. A native of Alabama, President Carmichael was aware that segregation was a deep-rooted tradition in the South, and, having worked in New York, he was aware of the progressive liberal ways of the North. President Carmichael found…

The impact of the Knight v. Alabama ruling by looking at undergraduate student demographic data for historically African American Alabama A&M University and Alabama State University and traditionally American Auburn University and the University of Alabama is discussed. To eradicate the remaining residue of discrimination and segregation, the…

This report describes the findings of the U.S. Commission on Civil Rights hearings in Montgomery, Alabama, in 1968. A comparison with the report of the 1958 hearings in the same city is made throughout the document. It is noted that there has been minimal, if any, improvement in the discrimination against the black people of Alabama in the past…

This study explores the relationship between attitudes of public school superintendents and the amount of direct experience they have had dealing with the development of private academies in their respective school districts. The dependent variables consist of eight attitudinal items. The first four deal with potential reasons for the return of…

This document is the text of the brief for the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE) in the U.S. Supreme Court case of Swann vs. Charlotte-Mecklenburg Board of Education, October 1970. The statement of the motion to file brief is followed by the brief and argument comprising (1) the present state of the law; (2) the "root and branch" of the…