Training programmes frequently recruit students from undergraduate classes to serve as clients for counselors-in-training. Some of these clients receive external incentives for this participation, such as extra-credit or expectation of fulfilling a course requirement. It is unknown however whether or not this external incentive influences the…

To study action monitoring in anorexia nervosa, behavioral and EEG measures were obtained in underweight anorexia nervosa patients (n=17) and matched healthy controls (n=19) while performing a speeded choice-reaction task. Our main measures of interest were questionnaire outcomes, reaction times, error rates, and the error-related negativity ERP…

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to investigate a possible favourable response pattern on scaled forms used as a means of evaluating training courses. Design/methodology/approach: In part one of the study evaluation forms were examined referring to courses were completed by 879 students attending 15 university level courses and 531 students…

Given a sample of responses to a pair of questionnaire items with interval scale values it is sometimes of interest to know the degree to which respondents select the same response for both items. The coefficient of equality measures the departure from independence in the direction of equality. (RC)

We propose that researchers should utilize ratio scores when examining the response styles theory rather than examine each of the response styles separately. Higher ratio scores indicate a higher probability of engaging in ruminative, as opposed to distracting and problem solving, behaviors. In Phase One, we examined the factor structure and…

A simple statistical test procedure for assessing questionnaire response validity is proposed. The technique assesses the joint probability that frequently reported behaviors are not reported and infrequently reported behaviors are reported. (Author)

This study examined contextual effects in Norwegian 10th-grade students' reports on cognitive and metacognitive strategies when using the Cross-Curricular Competencies (CCC) instrument. The CCC was first administered as the final task in a long (three-hour) testing session in the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development Program for…

Purpose--The purpose of this research is to examine participants' response rate on dual style training course evaluation forms. These combine structured and open-ended formats. Pencil and paper forms have a long history of use by trainers in business and commerce and more recently in education. Research methods texts tend to have neglected the…

Categories of questionnaire response sets and the ability to interpret response differences as related to soliciting student attitudes. (DAG)

Response error refers to the tendency to respond to items based on the perceived social desirability or undesirability of given responses. Response error can be particularly problematic when all or most of the items on a measure are extremely attractive or unattractive. The present paper proposes a method of (a) distinguishing among preferences…

Professionals conclude that child molesters (CMs) hold offense-supportive beliefs (or cognitive distortions) from CMs' questionnaire responses. Because questionnaires are easily faked, we asked 32 CMs to complete a cognitive distortion scale under standard conditions (Time 1). A week later (Time 2), the same CMs completed the scale again. This…

Reasons for not returning a questionnaire were studied among Lutheran church members sent a postcard to indicate no intention of replying. The analysis is based on 431 returned postcards. For most nonresponders, the interest value of the questionnaire topic was not high enough. Many who returned the negative reply card would be resistant…

This study provides support for the hypothesized effect of leniency on the discriminant validity of grouped questionnaire items. It was found that controlling for leniency resulted in a slight decrement in convergent validity but that discriminant validity was substantially improved. Implications for questionnaire validity and further research are…

A study that investigated the effect on return rates of personalizing the cover letter and including precoded personal information on a mail questionnaire is discussed. A survey of 196 students dropping out of courses offered by a distance education university provided the opportunity to conduct the study reported. (Author/MLW)