Discusses: (1) the development of federal activism in education from 1964-72; (2) influences on activism during various administrations; (3) transformation of the federal role during the Reagan administration; and (4) determinants of the federal role in education (the president; political and economic conditions; racial, religious, and Federal…

The American Educational Research Association (AERA) must actively promote equality and affirmative action for women in view of current federal policy's negative impact on equity. AERA needs to focus on issues concerning women's traditional roles, knowledge about women and humankind, and women's professional roles in education. (Author/MJL)

Examines the historical development of cultural pluralism and describes sociopolitical influences that affected the rise of minorities in Canada. Observes that Canadian society has been historically dual, composed mainly of French and English Canadians, but that the duality has been modified by plurality due to immigration policy and social…

Although presented by the press as a new phenomenon, the presence of undocumented Mexican workers in the United States is deeply rooted in history. While current policies tend to view illegal immigration as a social problem, the phenomenon persists because it benefits, politically and economically, both Mexico and the U.S. (Author/GC)

Emphasizes the increasing importance of international political and economic concerns in shaping the national political climate. Predicts destructive consequences for the Black community as a result of deterioration in the economy and in international relations, and discusses Black leaders' future roles in shaping constructive foreign and domestic…

This paper analyzes the distribution of power in street-level bureaucracies that deliver public services and critically examines the sources of this power. The mechanisms and political environment which allow street-level bureaucrats to make public policy are discussed in detail. (EB)

Discusses developments in school integration from the early 1960's to the present, concludes that all that can be done on the national level is to distribute money and establish minimum standards. "Beyond that, Washington can only encourage state and local educators, working within their own political frameworks, to indentify the best way of…

The federal Hope Scholarship program, designed as a middle-class tax break, required substantial negotiation and diverse, often conflicting tactics to become policy. The story of the idea's creation and its journey to policy, based on interviews with over three dozen college officials, Clinton administration aides, lawmakers, and others is…

Welfare reform has shifted control of implementation from federal to state government. For welfare reform to adequately support all families, NAEYC posits 10 recommendations regarding quality programs, adequate funding, equitable choices for families, and data collection to measure the impact of welfare reform on children and child care. The…

Believing they are threatened by the Education Department, which they consider unfriendly, officials of proprietary schools have made substantial campaign contributions over the past two years to shore up their support in Congress, just at the time lawmakers prepared to consider changes in student-aid rules that would be unfavorable to…

The history of the university in British Commonwealth Africa and of the University of Zimbabwe since the country's independence in 1980 gives insight into why the institution is susceptible to outside political influence. Recent trends in policymaking at the national level are examined. (MSE)

Discusses the social, economic, and political forces that have influenced Black education at the national, state, and local levels. Urges Black citizens and educators to participate in a wide range of activities to support school improvement. (FMW)

Explores what it means to do research intended to be relevant for public policy. Argues against perception of policy research as politically neutral technical exercise. Discusses political implications of methodology. Discusses research examples to illustrate point. Discusses implications for how research might be used in political process.…

A Bowdoin College (Maine) policy banning military recruitment on campus, because the armed forces will not recruit openly gay people, has been dropped because of the introduction of federal legislation cutting off federal research funding to colleges barring military recruitment. (MSE)