Economic, social, and demographic changes in the last 30 years have resulted in a massive restructuring of the American work force. Consequently, increasing numbers of employees can be expected to experience difficulties balancing family-and-work concerns. There is no consensus in the United States today regarding the responsibility for helping employees balance work and family. Several states have created task forces to address family-and-work problems. Although studies have shown that certain family-oriented programs (such as flextime and employee assistance programs) can increase productivity and enhance the corporate bottom line, some corporate officials remain skeptical about the cost-effectiveness of such programs. In general, corporate America has not kept pace with the changing dynamics of work and family. Unions are expected to demand that employers strengthen their family-oriented programs. Occasionally, joint labor-management committees or collective bargaining procedures have resulted in the implemenation of creative workplace policies enabling employees to balance family and job responsibilities. The report's longest chapter provides over 30 case studies illustrating specific responses by employers and unions to family and work issues. Other chapters discuss developments and trends, labor-management approaches, and views of the experts. A listing of more than 60 resource organizations is also provided. Appendixes include the test of the Parental and Disability Leave Act of 1985; an interview with T. Berry Brazelton; AFL-CIO resolutions on part-time work, child care and social services, and work and the family; discussions of the tax aspects of dependent care assistance plans; selected corporate policy statements and collective bargaining agreements dealing with work and family issues; family employment and earnings statistics from the Bureau of Labor Statistics; and a 12-page bibliography.) (MN)