This report analyses the challenges faced by young people in Serbia in their transition from school to adult life, especially in their labour market integration, and with a particular focus on the most vulnerable groups. Therefore, the report looks at the main causes of youth vulnerability and skills mismatches at younger ages, forecasting of…

This chapter traces the influence of the EU Youth Guarantee (YG) in Denmark and discusses how Danish education and labour market policy relates to the Youth Guarantee principles. The political context is that Denmark is a parliamentary democracy and a welfare state of the social-democratic type. The Youth Guarantee has had limited direct…

Recent literature on education and work well recognises the 'crowding-out perspective' of how higher education expansion impacts the labour market experience of young people with different educational levels. However, the relationship between the labour market experience and young people's self-reported happiness remains less well understood. This…

This report is part of the European Training Foundation's (ETF) regional initiative to map the policies and measures that support youth school-to-work transition in the Eastern Partnership (EaP) countries. It focuses in particular on describing the key policies and programmes that address the challenges of youth employability and the bottlenecks…

In Canada, one of the objectives of immigration policies is to promote Canada's economic growth and prosperity. In light of this objective, education plays an important role in the selection process for prospective immigrants, meaning that many immigrants have postsecondary qualifications. This summary highlights results from a larger report that…

This report is a part of the European Training Foundation's (ETF) project on mapping youth transitions in Eastern Partnership (EaP) countries. It provides analyses on the youth situation in Ukraine and, in particular, on the youth policy measures currently being implemented in the country. While youth policy, in general, is addressing a range of…

Young people around the world are struggling to enter the labour market. In some OECD countries, one in four 16-29 year-olds is neither employed nor in education or training. The OECD Skills Outlook 2015 shows how improving the employability of youth requires a comprehensive approach. While education, social, and labour market policies have key…

In 2017 the European Training Foundation (ETF) initiated mapping of the youth employment situation and policies in the six Eastern Partnership (EaP) countries. The aim is to support the countries' institutions and stakeholders in the development of effective policies and structures to facilitate youth transition to work and foster youth…

This report specifically looks at young people and their school-to-work transition patterns in Moldova. The European Training Foundation (ETF) initiated a mapping of the youth employment situation and policies in the six Eastern Partnership (EaP) countries in 2017. The aim is to support the countries' institutions and stakeholders in developing…

The purpose of this study was to investigate the longitudinal effect of marijuana and heavy alcohol use on the productivity status of nonmetropolitan African American young adults. This analysis was based on secondary data from the Family and Community Health Study. For alcohol, the study evaluated the effects on productivity status for…

In Belarus, youth policy is acknowledged as an important part of state policy on social, economic and cultural development, and the country has a well-developed legal framework covering all spheres of young people's lives. However, the fact that the youth unemployment rate is higher than the unemployment rate for the adult working-age population…

Background: The literature has shown that the way active labour market policies (ALMP) aimed at youth are designed and implemented can influence the labour and educational prospects of youngsters. The evaluation of the Catalan PQPIs (initial vocational qualification programmes) presented here seeks to provide new evidence on the effectiveness of…

Strategies of "employability" and "activation" are increasingly favoured in the European Union policy context. These strategies are aimed at fostering inclusion by stressing the responsibility of the individual to participate in education and employment. Similar tendencies can be observed in the United Kingdom (UK) over the…

The school-to-work transition is a crucial life stage for young people, and research has often shown that this stage has important effects on their entire life courses. In recent years, young people willing to enter the labour market have been challenged by increasing uncertainty and comparatively high unemployment. These labour market trends have…

Many young people in Russia find it difficult to move into employment, and given the importance of a more efficient labor force for Russia's economic future, more needs to be done by the Russian government to improve the situation. Under current conditions, the state's activity in regard to solving issues of protecting the interests of young…