WITHIN THE GENERAL FRAMEWORK OF PRINCIPLES OF LEARNING, THE AUTHOR DISCUSSES THE LINGUISTIC RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE STUDY OF GRAMMAR AND UNIVERSAL GRAMMAR, AND HOW THIS RELATIONSHIP CORRELATES WITH THE MECHANISMS OF HUMAN PERCEPTION AND LEARNING. HE EMPHASIZES THAT LANGUAGE IS NEITHER ENTIRELY INNOVATIVE NOR A "HABIT STRUCTURE," BUT RATHER IS MOLDED BY INTERNAL FACTORS AND THEN REALIZED THROUGH EXPERIENCE. HE SUPPORTS W. VON HUMBOLDT'S REMARKS ON THIS POINT. A CHILD ACQUIRES LANGUAGE IN A WAY SIMILAR TO THEORY CONSTRUCTION--HE ACQUIRES LAWS BEFORE HE IS CAPABLE OF MORE COMPLEX INTELLECTUAL MANEUVERS, AND HIS KNOWLEDGE OF THE SYSTEM FORMS AN INTERNALIZED GRAMMAR WHICH BECOMES HIS OWN THEORY OF LANGUAGE. THE HUMAN MIND HAS INNATE PROPERTIES THAT UNDERLIE THE ACQUISITION OF KNOWLEDGE, AND CHOMSKY RELATES THIS PHENOMENON TO HIS THEORY OF "SURFACE" AND "DEEP" STRUCTURE. USING A SET OF ENGLISH SENTENCES AND AN ACCOMPANYING SERIES OF ACCEPTABLE AND UNACCEPTABLE PARAPHRASES OF THE INITIAL SENTENCE, THE AUTHOR DEMONSTRATES THAT (1) THE SURFACE STRUCTURE MAY NOT ADEQUATELY REFLECT THE DEEP UNDERLYING STRUCTURE, AND (2) RULES THAT DETERMINE DEEP AND SURFACE STRUCTURE MUST BE HIGHLY ABSTRACT AND REMOTE FROM CONSCIOUSNESS. CONCLUSIONS INDICATE THAT DEEP STRUCTURE IS REPRESENTED BY SUCH TRANSFORMATIONAL OPERATIONS AS PASSIVIZATION AND INTERROGATION, AND THAT A NETWORK OF GRAMMATICAL RELATIONS DETERMINES SEMANTIC INTERPRETATION. THIS ARTICLE IS IN "PSYCHOLOGY TODAY," VOL. 1, NO. 9, FEB. 1968. (FB)