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Richards, Ben; Umayahara, Mami; Maw, Naing; Rao, Nirmala – Early Education and Development, 2021
Research Findings: This study examined the relation between early childhood education (ECE) participation and early child development in Myanmar. It considered whether this relation varied by ethnic group, language(s) spoken at home, and language(s) of ECE instruction. Participants were 1,494 children (759 girls) from Myanmar, aged between 36 and…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Early Childhood Education, Child Development, Program Effectiveness
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Rao, Nirmala; Sun, Jin; Pearson, Veronica; Pearson, Emma; Liu, Hongyun; Constas, Mark A.; Engle, Patrice L. – Child Development, 2012
This study evaluated the relative effectiveness of home-based, community-based, and state-run early childhood programs across Cambodia. A total of 880 five-year-olds (55% girls) from 6 rural provinces in Cambodia attending State Preschools, Community Preschools, Home-Based Programs, or no programs were assessed twice using the Cambodian…
Descriptors: Program Evaluation, Program Effectiveness, Foreign Countries, Rural Areas
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Rao, Nirmala – International Journal of Early Childhood, 2005
The Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS) program was designed to promote the fundamental rights of young children in India. This paper assesses its effects on the survival, development, and education of young children in India by considering the results of two national level evaluation studies. Their findings indicate that the ICDS has…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Preschool Education, Outcomes of Education, Young Children