Schools in the Toronto (Ontario, Canada) area have established a Resource Teacher Service (RTS) to provide necessary educational program supports for physically disabled students, their teachers, and their schools when community school placements are indicated. The principles of intervention emphasized in the RTS include pragmatic forms of…

The paper examines state policies relevant to current alternative educational environments in each state's continuum of services for handicapped children. The analysis resulted from a review of information about program models in state special education regulations and state annual program plans. State descriptions of available program models fit…

The geographic, enviornmental, and demographic conditions in Alaska create extreme difficulties for rural small school teachers who must cope with students with abilities ranging from gifted to retarded. Mainstreaming is taken for granted in Alaska where program development to aid rural teachers in providing special education services to their…