Modern researchers focus on spiritual and moral education only of children, particularly in the humanities. In this study, we develop and implement a program for the spiritual and moral education of 24 mathematics teachers aged between 30 and 65 years and assess its effectiveness. The program's effectiveness was assessed based on previously developed psychodiagnostic tools by expanding spiritual and moral development characteristics with new components. Diagnostics of the primary state of personal characteristics of spirituality was conducted before the experimental training and after implementing the program. We analyzed data using the Wilcoxon T-test, which revealed a significant increase in value-semantic, communicative, reflexive, motivational, and critical parameters. A qualitative analysis was conducted by evaluating the further research activities of 60 % of the students. Our program can be used in postgraduate education in a wide range of specialties and areas of training worldwide. The program can provide advanced training in solving spiritual and moral education issues for mathematics teachers.