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Direct linkEmmanuel Orkoh; Uchenna Efobi – Evaluation Review, 2024
Behaviour change communication (BCC) remains a central component of the interventions used in the fight against malaria in Ghana. However, there is limited evidence of its effectiveness. This study evaluated the effects of BCC strategies on knowledge (symptoms, causes and prevention) and overall knowledge of malaria among Ghanaian women aged…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Behavior Change, Health Behavior, Diseases
Pinkerton, Steven D.; Galletly, Carol L.; McAuliffe, Timothy L.; DiFranceisco, Wayne; Raymond, H. Fisher; Chesson, Harrell W. – Evaluation Review, 2010
The sexual behaviors of HIV/sexually transmitted infection (STI) prevention intervention participants can be assessed on a partner-by-partner basis: in aggregate (i.e., total numbers of sex acts, collapsed across partners) or using a combination of these two methods (e.g., assessing five partners in detail and any remaining partners in aggregate).…
Descriptors: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS), Sexuality, Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Prevention
Chesson, Harrell W.; Harrison, Paul; Scotton, Carol R.; Varghese, Beena – Evaluation Review, 2005
Since the onset of the AIDS epidemic, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has allocated several billion dollars for the prevention of HIV and other sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) in the United States. Using state-level data from 1981 to 1998, the authors found that greater amounts of prevention funding in a given year are…
Descriptors: Prevention, Incidence, Disease Control, Diseases
Pinkerton, Steven D.; Benotsch, Eric G.; Mikytuck, John – Evaluation Review, 2007
The "gold standard" for evaluating human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevention programs is a partner-by-partner sexual behavior assessment that elicits information about each sex partner and the activities engaged in with that partner. When collection of detailed partner-by-partner data is not feasible, aggregate data (e.g., total…
Descriptors: Prevention, Sexuality, Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Data Collection
Peer reviewedPinkerton, Steven D.; Abramson, Paul R. – Evaluation Review, 1994
Estimates of the reproductive rate of infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), obtained through a Bernoulli process model, indicate that decreasing the infectivity of the virus, through the use of condoms, for example, is more effective at reducing the infection rate than is limiting the number of sexual partners. (SLD)
Descriptors: Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome, Communicable Diseases, Disease Control, Epidemiology
Peer reviewedPinkerton, Steven D.; Abramson, Paul R. – Evaluation Review, 1993
A Bernoulli process model of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is used to evaluate infection risks associated with various sexual behaviors (condom use, abstinence, or monogamy). Results suggest that infection is best mitigated through measures that decrease infectivity, such as condom use. (SLD)
Descriptors: Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome, Condoms, Contraception, Disease Control
Glick, Peter – Evaluation Review, 2005
Although there is a widespread belief that scaling up HIV voluntary counseling and testing (VCT) programs in Africa will have large prevention benefits through reductions in risk behaviors, these claims are difficult to establish from existing evaluations of VCT. Considerations from behavioral models and the available data suggest that as VCT…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Scaling, Prevention
Peer reviewedKaplan, Edward H.; Novick, Alvin – Evaluation Review, 1990
This paper evaluates the effectiveness of self-deferral, a social screen implemented to protect the U.S. blood supply from human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection prior to the advent of laboratory testing. Mathematical models are developed to estimate the number of infectious transfusions ultimately leading to AIDS prior to self-deferral.…
Descriptors: Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome, Disease Control, Epidemiology, Equations (Mathematics)
Peer reviewedDehar, Mary-Anne; And Others – Evaluation Review, 1993
Concepts of formative and process evaluation are discussed, and their applications in health promotion and disease prevention are reviewed. Process evaluation fulfills the need for information on program implementation, whereas formative evaluation aims to help develop and improve programs from an early stage. Both evaluations can increase program…
Descriptors: Disease Control, Evaluation Methods, Evaluation Research, Formative Evaluation
Peer reviewedMacKinnon, David P.; Dwyer, James H. – Evaluation Review, 1993
Statistical approaches to assess how prevention and intervention programs achieve their effects are described and illustrated through the evaluation of a health promotion program to reduce dietary cholesterol and a school-based drug prevention program. Analyses require the measurement of intervening or mediating variables to represent the…
Descriptors: Causal Models, Disease Control, Drug Use, Equations (Mathematics)
