Despite the growing complexity and multidimensionality of the system of international research collaborations, the colonial discourse casting the collaborative relationships in terms of polarized North--South antitheses persists and continues to exert influence on the nature of power distribution in the relationships, as well as on the…

The author begins with a description of the purpose of the Communist Party Congress and traces its development from an open forum of debate and discussion (prior to 1924) to its more conservative and restrictive position. He contends that with its current emphasis on conservatism, the Communist Party Congress has three communicative roles: (1) it…

The purpose of this study is to describe the structures of and decision-making processes within the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU) and government agencies concerned with education at all geopolitical levels, and to describe the dynamics of the interrelationships between the CPSU and the government. The study is based on data collected…