The share of students eligible for free and reduced-price lunch (FRPL) via meal applications is often used as a proxy for the share of students from low-income households at a school. But the recent adoption of universal meal programs, such as the Community Eligibility Provision, make it more difficult to consistently measure student poverty…

Most researchers and policymakers rely on the share of students eligible for free and reduced-price meals when describing student socioeconomic background in schools. But shares of students receiving free and reduced-price meals, and other measures related to the distribution of school meals, vary by state and across time because of changes in…

The number of low-income families in Singapore is increasing. Young children from impoverished backgrounds are at risk of development gaps and challenges. Research has shown that the accumulation of risk factors from adverse childhood experiences can lead to weaker outcomes later in life. The NTUC First Campus (NFC) launched the Child Support…

Against today's global backdrop where financial responsibility has been transferred from the government to individuals, financial literacy, as a key component of financial capacity, could be an effective strategy to escape from lifecourse poverty. Compared with young adults, research demonstrates that financial literacy among adolescents is of…

Family Rewards was an innovative approach to poverty reduction in the United States that was modeled on the conditional cash transfer (CCT) programs common in lower- and middle-income countries. The program offered cash assistance to low-income families, provided that they met certain conditions related to family health care, children's education,…

The use of standardized test results to drive school administrator evaluations pervades education policymaking in more than 40 states. However, the results of state standardized tests are strongly influenced by non-school factors. The models of best fit (n = 18) from this correlational, explanatory, longitudinal study predicted accurately the…

This paper draws together research on seasonality, child labour and education in the context of primary education in sub-Saharan Africa. It describes how income poverty and demand for labour can fluctuate within and between years, affecting participation and progression through school systems. It highlights how analysis of the private and public…

Examines 1970-80 trends in the distribution of family income and shifts in the degree of segregation between income groups using a special data set for 60 U.S. metropolitan areas. Explains how change contributes to increases in the spatial concentration of affluence and poverty. Simple descriptive models are estimated. (SLD)

A recursive model that accounts for the variation in the level and distribution of family income across metropolitan areas is formulated and estimated in this paper. The model draws from both the human capital and the job competition theories of the labor market in the emphasis it places on the industrial structure of the metropolitan area. Then,…

The objective of this study is to examine and compare the determinants of migration for households grouped first by race and then by poverty level. Household demographic and economic characteristics are defined in the context of a linear probability function. A measure of the expected gain from migration is developed to reflect the relative…

This research evaluates the Stress Adjustment and Adaptation Model (double ABCX model) examining the effects resiliency resources on family functioning when families experience economic pressure. Families (N = 128) with incomes at or below the poverty line from a rural area of a southern state completed measures of perceived economic pressure,…

Presents a conceptual model for better understanding how poverty jeopardizes a host of childhood and adulthood abilities. Links the model with various policy initiatives that attempt to curb poverty or its detrimental effects. Suggests that low family income compromises children's physical growth, cognitive development, socioemotional functioning,…

The study is concerned with empirically deriving a labor supply function for members of poor families. It contains a definition of poverty as well as a brief summary of the characteristics of families in poverty in 1966 and a review of the existing literature on the supply of labor by the poor. A general model of labor supply based on family…

Using data obtained from a National Center for Health Statistics Household Health Survey, a model for children's medical care utilization was tested. The variables included in the model were need, physician supply, family preference, and family disposable income. The first question addressed was the income effect on children's visits to…

The study's primary purpose was to identify and evaluate the relative importance of factors responsible for the generally low labor force participation rates observable in the Ozark Low-Income Area, and variations in rates within the area itself. The study focused on 108 contiguous, rural-oriented, low-income counties in the states of Arkansas,…