Background: In recent years, school districts have experienced a complex policy environment with myriad reforms aimed at addressing longstanding and historically entrenched disparities in opportunities and outcomes between racially minoritized students and White students. One such reform is standards-based accountability, with its emphasis on…

Recent events in the United States have made it clear that all institutions must examine their system and engage in social change. Educators are positioned to be social advocates (with the proper training), who play a unique role in helping to implement policies that promote social justice and equity, especially for Black students in the…