This paper discusses a policy context for the problem of women's low participation in science as a national priority in the 1990s. The themes of initiatives sponsored by the National Science Foundation, the National Research Council, and the American Association for the Advancement of Science are presented. (CW)

This article is an anthropological analysis of the recent policy reforms of the Japanese preschool system. It takes the introduction of the "nintei-kodomoen" ("accredited children's centre") as a point of entry to discuss the historical, social and political debates concerning early childhood education and care. The "dual…

The decade of the 1980's has seen the beginning of a great debate over the federal government's involvement in the nation's schools. The history of one program, the Women's Educational Equity Act (WEEA), sheds light on how the Reagan Administration has entered that debate. Congress created WEEA to help schools and colleges educate females for full…

The private health financing system in the United States does not meet the needs of much of the population, especially midlife women (aged 35-65). It is no longer possible for anyone but the richest persons to pay for their own health care. This situation developed during the past 3 decades, during which employer-paid health care expanded…

This report is the last in the series of seven volumes issued by the U.S. Commission on Civil Rights describing the structure, mechanisms, and procedures utilized by Federal departments and agencies in their efforts to end discrimination against the U.S.'s minority and female citizens. It evaluates the status of civil rights oversight and…

This document contains transcripts of oral and written testimony given at six days of Congressional hearings on women entrepreneurs, held in April and May 1988. Many of the witnesses were women who run successful companies that they started by themselves, in a variety of fields, from service industries to construction and manufacturing. Other…

Many feel that scientists and engineers play a critical role in expanding the frontiers and knowledge of science and engineering and in educating and training future generations of scientists and engineers. They may do so by providing leadership in areas of national interest including efforts to increase the international competitiveness and…

The purpose of this summary report is to briefly explain the conclusions and recommendations contained in the April (1988) Report of New Zealand's Royal Commission on Social Policy. Features of contemporary society which should govern social policy over the next decade are discussed. Four points stand out. First, improvements must be made in race…

Using a feminist perspective, this paper attempts to quantify the position of women in educational policymaking in Britain in this century at national and local levels. Women have been in the minority and have not generally been a "shrieking sisterhood," guided primarily by feminist principles. (SLD)

Evaluates the Greek governments' gender equality educational policy; new reading books that the Greek government presented in 1983 as solving previously reading books' sexism; and views of the educational establishment, women's organizations, and teachers concerning old and new books and new books' efficacy in light of textual analyses. (RLC)

Thirteen papers and a speech address the theme of who makes education policy in Australia. Kwong Lee Dow's address assesses national planning in uncertain times and urges flexibility. John Steinle outlines the operation of Australian policy-making and recommends developing think tanks. Edward Holdaway analyzes the complex relationship between…

Information regarding women and work learned mainly, but not exclusively, through research and development (R&D) projects sponsored by the Employment and Training Administration's Office of Research and Development (ETA-ORD) is reviewed, and the future directions of policy on women are explored. The first chapter briefly summarizes two schools…

The government's role in retraining unemployed workers during nonrecession periods should be to subsidize retraining as they subsidize job search by way of the unemployment compensation system. The retraining subsidy should be about the same order of magnitude as the job search subsidy and should be administered by the public employment service…

This report, last in a series describing employment and training needs of Hispanics in Michigan, synthesizes the information presented in preceding volumes in order to identify target group needs and make recommendations for policy formulation and program development. Chapter I describes the study's scope and method. Chapter II provides a…

A study of apprenticeship systems in a large number of foreign countries revealed considerable interest in expanding and improving apprenticeship systems, both as initial training systems and as a way of easing the transition from school to work and relieving youth unemployment. The American apprenticeship system differs from those of other…