This publication is part of the "Space in the Seventies" series and reviews the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's (NASA) earth orbital scientific research programs in progress and those to be pursued in the coming decade. Research in space physics is described in Part One in these areas: interplanetary monitoring platforms, small scientific satellites, satellites in the transition region (atmosphere explorers), and cooperative programs in space science. Part Two summarizes the astronomy programs of the orbiting solar observatories, the orbiting astronomical observatories, the small astronomy satellites, the high energy astronomy observatories and the radio astronomy explorers. Content is descriptive and provides some basic technical information. Colored diagrams and photographs are utilized. (Author/PR)