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Direct linkLi, Weidong; Xiang, Ping; Gao, Zan; Shen, Bo; Yin, Zhihua; Kong, Qingtao – Journal of Teaching in Physical Education, 2016
Purpose: This study examined the impact of published national physical activity (PA) and health guidelines, documents, and initiatives on the evolution of research on teaching K-12 physical education (PE) in U.S.A. from 1996 to October 2013. Methods: A total of 262 peer-reviewed, data-based journal articles meeting our inclusion and exclusion…
Descriptors: Physical Activities, Physical Education, Elementary Secondary Education, Guides
Download full textLodewyk, Ken R.; Gao, Zan – ICHPER-SD Journal of Research, 2013
Epistemic beliefs are deeply held convictions about the nature of knowledge, knowing, and learning. In this study, approximately 500 ninth and tenth-grade physical education (PE) students completed fitness-specific measures assessing their epistemic beliefs in the simplicity and stability of knowledge and the speed of its acquisition along with…
Descriptors: High School Students, Grade 9, Grade 10, Physical Education
Gao, Zan; Lodewyk, Ken R.; Zhang, Tao – Journal of Teaching in Physical Education, 2009
This study uncovers the predictive relationship of middle school students' ability beliefs (self-efficacy and expectancy-related beliefs) and incentives (outcome expectancy, importance, interest, and usefulness) to intention, cardiovascular fitness, and teacher-rated effort in physical education. Participants (N = 252; 118 boys, 134 girls)…
Descriptors: Middle School Students, Physical Education, Self Efficacy, Physical Fitness
Gao, Zan; Hannon, James C.; Carson, Russell L. – ICHPER-SD Journal of Research, 2009
The purpose of this study was to determine if students' heart rate outcomes in physical education varied as a function of activity and grade. A total of 146 sixth to eighth graders participated in different activities (i.e., walking/jogging, line dancing, soccer, and catch ball). Their average heart rate (AHR) and percentage of time in and above…
Descriptors: Metabolism, Physical Education, Physical Fitness, Middle School Students
Gao, Zan; Hannon, James C.; Newton, Maria; Huang, Chaoqun – Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 2011
The purpose of this study was to examine (a) the effects of three curricular activities on students' situational motivation (intrinsic motivation [IM], identified regulation [IR], external regulation, and amotivation [AM]) and physical activity (PA) levels, and (b) the predictive strength of situational motivation to PA levels. Four hundred twelve…
Descriptors: Physical Education, Team Sports, Physical Activities, Physical Fitness
Gao, Zan; Newton, Maria; Carson, Russell L. – Middle Grades Research Journal, 2008
This study examines the predictive utility of students' motivation (self-efficacy and task values) to their physical activity levels and health-related physical fitness (cardiovascular fitness and muscular strength/endurance) in middle school fitness activity classes. Participants (N = 305) responded to questionnaires assessing their self-efficacy…
Descriptors: Physical Education, Muscular Strength, Physical Activities, Self Efficacy
