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Download full textSaricaoglu, Aysel; Atak, Nesrin – Novitas-ROYAL (Research on Youth and Language), 2022
This study explores how syntactic complexity and lexical complexity vary in argumentative essays written by L2 learners of English at B2 and C1 CEFR proficiency levels. We approach both syntactic complexity and lexical complexity from a multi-dimensional perspective, examining syntactic complexity at different levels (i.e., global, clausal, and…
Descriptors: Private Colleges, Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction, English (Second Language)
Direct linkLundell, Fanny Forsberg; Lindqvist, Christina; Edmonds, Amanda – Canadian Modern Language Review, 2018
The present study investigates the relationship between productive collocation knowledge and advanced levels on the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR) scale. More precisely, the potential progression between the B2 and C1 levels of the CEFR is studied through the development of a productive collocation test in second…
Descriptors: French, Second Language Learning, Guidelines, Rating Scales
Olympia Tsaknaki – European Journal of Education (EJED), 2022
Grammatical and lexical cohesion are necessary conditions to guarantee a text's coherence (Halliday and Hasan 1976). Grammatical cohesion is classified into four types of relation: reference, conjunction, substitution, and ellipsis. This study aims to investigate the use of the cohesive device of reference in written discourse produced by…
Descriptors: French, Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction, Computational Linguistics
