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Direct linkAyad Kamalvand; Reza Khany – Language Testing in Asia, 2024
Smartphones and the literacy to harness the educational affordances of photographs currently rest on the bedrock of second language (L2) education. Building on social semiotic theory, this study developed and validated a visual literacy scale for smartphone photography (VLS4SP). Despite the importance of visuals and smartphones, no valid scale is…
Descriptors: Visual Literacy, Measures (Individuals), Handheld Devices, Telecommunications
