Wisconsin Walloon is a heritage dialect of a threatened language in the langue d'oïl family that originated in southern Belgium and expanded to northeastern Wisconsin, USA in the mid-1850s. Walloon-speaking immigrants formed an isolated agricultural community, passing on and using the language for the next two generations until English became the…

Deals with divergence on the lexical, phonological, and morphological levels in three dialects that were the same until the mid-20th century (Maaseiks in Belgium, Susters in the Netherlands, and Waldfeuchts in Germany) and that have changed under the influence of three different standard languages (Belgian Dutch, Netherlandic Dutch, and Standard…

Investigates phonological variation and change in southern and northern spoken Dutch (spoken in Northern Flanders and the Netherlands). The study examines changes in progress from 1935-93 using a combination of insight and techniques from historical linguistics and sociolinguistics. Results indicate that the southern variety remained stable while…