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PDF pending restorationPfaff, Carol W. – 1971
This paper documents a coding system developed to facilitate the investigation of linguistic variation in Black English. The rationale for employment of such a system is given. The use of the coding system in a study of child Black English is described and the codes for 41 phonological and syntactic variables investigated in the study are…
Descriptors: Black Dialects, Child Language, Codification, English
Linguistic Factors in the Realization of the Copula: Suggestions for Investigation in Black English.
PDF pending restorationPfaff, Carol W. – 1972
Four realizations of the copula occur in English, two in both Anglo and Black English and two in Black English and in some varieties of Anglo English but not in standard English. This paper describes the use of the copula in English and identifies the phonological, syntactic, and semantic factors which are believed to condition its realization in…
Descriptors: Black Dialects, Dialects, Language Patterns, Nonstandard Dialects
Download full textPfaff, Carol W.; Berdan, Robert – 1972
The Dialect Differentiation Measure (DDM) provides an objective, quantifiable means of identifying speakers of Black English. Three production tasks, designed to constrain the range of linguistic constructions with which a child may respond, elicit seven phonological and syntactic features characteristic of Black English. The DDM was tried out in…
Descriptors: Anglo Americans, Black Dialects, Black Youth, Kindergarten
