Research on student engagement, study engagement and academic entitlement has followed separate paths. This research examined how the concepts relate to each other among traditional and non-traditional Finnish business students (N = 476). A cluster analysis indicated that students form two clusters. Part-time students, students over the age of 25,…

The article describes stages in the development of the municipally owned "workers' institutes" to provide education for adults in Finland and the now more common "civic institutes" with public or private sponsorship. Included are administrative structure, financing, staff, students, facilities, teaching arrangements, subjects…

This document is an English-language abstract (approximately 1,500 words) of a report prepared by a committee to investigate ways to improve secondary education for those who don't attend high school on a regular basis. In the report, the committee analyzes and assesses the current secondary education system. It points to the shortcomings of the…