Thirty-five second-graders and their parents responded to measures of sex-role adoption, concepts, and preference. Classroom teachers rated children's sex-role adoption. Both adults and children had clear sex differences on means of measures of sex-role preference and adoption. (Author/SJL)

Economic need was most highly correlated with employment. Moderately correlated variables included previous employment, number of children and beliefs about mothering. Sex-role attitudes were only slightly correlated, and education not at all. (Author)

Discusses the traditional practices and the theories that have been adopted by many early childhood professionals in Australia. Questions the implicit codes of Western schooling, highlighting the ethnocentric framework of early childhood education in many countries. Presents and discusses findings from a study of Australian indigenous families…

The effects of two methods of negative reinforcement on three young children (ages two and three) with developmental delays and chronic food refusal were examined. Physically guiding the child to accept food contingent on noncompliance and nonremoval of the spoon until the child ate were tested. Both treatments were effective; however, parents…

Reviews variables, measures, and studies associated with the child care quality perspectives of researchers and professionals, parents using care, child care staff, and children in care. Argues that given the preponderance of studies conducted from the professional/researcher perspective, more effort should be directed to studying child care…

Investigated parental perceptions of a range of children's services and the conduct of service professionals. Interviews were conducted with parents from 50 families of young children with disabilities receiving support for their participation in preschool or center-based child care. Findings revealed the features of services and professional…

Proposes an accepting attitude toward all crying in young children. Notes that crying has been found to be an important and beneficial physiological process that helps children cope with stress. (BB)

This study of 60 mothers of young children with physical disabilities in Israel failed to support hypothesis that mothers with "internally" focused locus of control would demonstrate greater utilization of their support system. Analysis indicated that mother's age, child's level of functioning, and existence of additional members of…

This study compared three written surveys intended to help identify family strengths and needs during the Individualized Family Service Plan (IFSP) process. Subjects were 48 mothers of children enrolled in early intervention programs and 25 program providers. Mothers tended to prefer written surveys to personal interviews and rated the surveys'…

Expressed needs of mothers and fathers (n=422 parents) of young children with disabilities were compared and related to child and family characteristics. Mothers expressed more needs than did fathers, primarily in "Family and Social Support,""Explaining to Others," and "Child Care." Birth order, age, and race were not determinants of expressed…

A survey of special education personnel, child care providers, and parents found that barriers to the mainstreaming of preschoolers with disabilities were attitudes concerning (1) "turf" issues for special educators; (2) teacher preparedness; (3) awareness issues; (4) issues of communication and collaboration; and (5) the possibility…

Child psychology and early-childhood education are related, as the former includes three distinct aspects: scientific, popular, and common-sense psychology of parents and teachers. No clear relationship exists between current theory and those of parents and teachers; however, teachers' and parents' views do influence their behavior toward…

Used the Parents as Teachers Inventory to examine the relation between socioeconomic status and attitudes of 80 mothers of 3- to 5-year-olds who had attended Head Start or a university nursery school regarding play and creativity. Found that mothers of children attending the university school had higher play and creativity scores than mothers of…

Interviews of 18 parents with children (ages 3 to 6) with disabilities in inclusive settings indicate that parental world views had a strong influence on decisions about children's placement, parents had a broad view of inclusion, and expectations of the parent/professional relationship were more pronounced because of factors related to inclusion.…

Presents a model of musical culture development. Cites a study comparing musical development in 1- to 6-year olds taught with usual methods and those taught in optimal conditions; the study found that the teacher in optimal conditions was able to build up the rudiments of musical culture, including musical knowledge and skills, habits, and…