Restrictions and lockdown measures implemented in response to the COVID-19 pandemic exerted unprecedented pressure on higher education institutions to switch to online-only teaching. This transition was characterised by swift implementation of policy, and the adoption of a wide range of information technologies at extraordinary speed and scale.…

Introduction: In the information society, the stimulus threshold for learners has changed, which requires a novel education strategy. Today, it is no longer what attracts students' attention that it was 20 years ago. In addition to the rapid development of ICT, public education cannot go either. We believe that advanced teacher digital competence…

Introduction: In Hungary, as in many parts of the world, a crisis situation has arisen with the start of the quarantine period associated with the coronavirus, which presented the education system with a serious challenge. Social inequality (also in terms of network access and device availability) was expected due to, that differences will only…

The pandemic and subsequent 'lockdowns' dramatically changed the educational landscape of higher education institutions. Before-COVID-19, traditional universities had choices in pedagogical practice, which included a variety of teaching delivery modes. Overnight, a single mode of delivery became the only option for traditional higher education…