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Direct linkMengzhou Li; Lei Luo; Sujoy Sikdar; Navid Ibtehaj Nizam; Shan Gao; Hongming Shan; Melanie Kruger; Uwe Kruger; Hisham Mohamed; Lirong Xia; Ge Wang – npj Science of Learning, 2021
Online education is important in the COVID-19 pandemic, but online exam at individual homes invites students to cheat in various ways, especially collusion. While physical proctoring is impossible during social distancing, online proctoring is costly, compromises privacy, and can lead to prevailing collusion. Here we develop an optimization-based…
Descriptors: Electronic Learning, COVID-19, Pandemics, Computer Assisted Testing
