Purpose: This study aims to examine the underlying process through which learning organization culture positively influences knowledge sharing. It specifically explored the mediating role of social capital, underscoring its critical impact on enhancing both knowledge sharing and fostering learning organization culture. Design/methodology/approach: To test the proposed hypotheses, structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis was conducted with a sample of 231 employees from a manufacturing firm in South Korea. Findings: The results of this study indicate significant direct effects of learning organization culture on social capital. Also, social capital indicates a positive effect on knowledge sharing. Although learning organization culture had no direct effect on knowledge sharing, it indirectly affected learning organization culture and knowledge sharing by mediating social capital. Practical implications: This study proposes that a learning organization culture will be interconnected with social capital and knowledge sharing. Organizations that can effectively harness the wealth of knowledge unlocked by social capital, and subsequently integrate this knowledge into their activities, are poised for competitive advantage. Originality/value: First, this study places a special emphasis on the mediating role of social capital between learning organization culture and knowledge sharing. Despite extensive research exploring diverse knowledge-sharing factors (Wang and Noe, 2010), it is plausible that examining social capital as a mediator could offer insights for facilitating knowledge sharing through its structural, relational and cognitive dimensions. Second, while a plethora of literature examines knowledge sharing, this study also seeks to unravel the multifaceted pathways through which the learning organization culture influences knowledge sharing and how these processes could be optimized in organizations.