The study examined the relationship of cognitive style (reflection-impulsivity) to communication mode (oral or total) with 72 deaf and hearing children at two age levels: 6-10 years and 11-15 years. Results indicated deaf children and younger children were more impulsive than hearing or older children. No differences between oral and total…

The study compared effects of oral speech with total communication (speech plus sign language) training on the ability of mild mentally retarded children (four-eight years old) to repeat four-word sentences. Results pointed to the superiority of the total communication approach in facilitating sentence repetition. (Author)

Research is reviewed on bilingual education and its application to the education of hearing-impaired students. Assessment procedures for obtaining valid samples of language behavior, distinguishing between competence and performance, and considering language variation are emphasized. (CL)

This study examines the receptive skills of severely deaf subjects employing either oral or total modes of communication in the comprehension of a wide range of syntactical and semantic structures. For almost all types of structures investigated, the total system was found to be the more effective method of communication. (Author/SJL)

The clinical records of 31 severely hearing impaired children (6 to 13 years old) who had attended a preschool nursery program were examined to determine which factors would predict aural/oral success. (Author)

This paper presents qualitative descriptions of the consonant inventories of 12 children who have used cochlear implants for at least five years, as well as descriptions of sound correspondences between children's systems and the ambient language (English). Qualitative differences were found between the inventories of oral communication users and…

The paper describes the potential of cued speech to provide verbal language and intelligible speech to severely hearing impaired students. The approach, which combines auditory-visual-oral and manual cues, is designed as a visual supplement to normal speech. The paper traces the development of cued speech and discusses modifications made to the R.…

A survey of the methods of communication used at special schools and units for the hearing-impaired in the United Kingdom showed that the oral method is used in about 90 percent of the unit classes. Findings revealed a rapidly increasing trend to total communication. (Author)

Summarizes a discussion on cochlear implants from a National Institutes of Health conference. Reviews the cited benefits of the implants in children. Gives comments on research on the language performance of children who are deaf or hearing impaired in oral programs versus those in total communication programs, as well as dissenting opinions on…

A survey of 60 United States schools and programs currently using Cued Speech with hearing-impaired individuals found that the tool is used in both oral and total communication environments. The survey collected data on demographics, types of programs, number of students using Cued Speech, methodologies employed, and support services offered.…

Examined is the combination of methods (aural, manual, oral) used within the philosophy of total communication for the deaf. The use of Cued Speech, a tool whose purpose is to make spoken language visually clear at the levels of phonems, syllables, suprasegmentals, words, and phrases, is advocated for communication with the deaf. (BD)

Describes research into the correspondence between speech and sign language by looking at simultaneous communication as it is used by fluent deaf persons. The study aims to determine what relationship, if any, exists between the morpheme level and the message level of utterances in discourse. (SED)

This study compared early pragmatic skill development in 76 children (ages 1-4) with severe or profound hearing loss enrolled in either a simultaneous communication (SC) or oral communication (OC) approach to language learning. Results indicated some advantages of the SC approach, although overall frequency of communication and breadth of…

This study examined the relationship between the teaching method, oral or total communication, used at children's schools and children's consonant-production accuracy and vocabulary development over time. The children (N=147) had used cochlear implants for between 6 months and 10 years. Results indicated a complex relationship among children's…

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine and compare the development of proto-imperative and proto-declarative utterances in normally developing, non-neonatally screened, profoundly deaf toddlers. Method: Both types of proto-declarative are considered to be the most basic prelinguistic and early linguistic communicative functions.…