Electronic communication technologies continue to change the landscape of reference services. For many users, virtual communication is the preferred means of conversing. Synchronous virtual reference, similar to other synchronous means of communication, is an important method for reaching students and for providing teaching and learning…

It seems, at times, that a frantic race persists to ensure that a child, in the crucial learning stages of early elementary education, acquires the appropriate reading level before he or she "gets behind." Though there are obvious issues with branding a book "Grade Level One" or "Reading Level 2.2," it is nevertheless…

Reports on ways in which Iowa libraries are accessing and using electronic information. Highlights include the Iowa Communications Network, a statewide interactive network for resource sharing; online systems that use the Internet and World Wide Web; academic library resource sharing and document delivery technology; and knowledge management and…