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Direct linkMalikovic, Marko; Toncic, Marko – International Journal of Social Research Methodology, 2023
In web questionnaires which are created in paging design where each question is on a separate page, a progress indicator is an element that should inform the respondent about their current position within the questionnaire. Linear progress indicators are commonly used, and sometimes fast-to-slow progress indicators are used for research purposes.…
Descriptors: Online Surveys, Internet, Response Rates (Questionnaires), Dropout Rate
Sun, Hanyu; Caporaso, Andrew; Cantor, David; Davis, Terisa; Blake, Kelly – Field Methods, 2023
Previous survey research has found that prompt interventions for speeding and straightlining were effective at reducing these undesirable response behaviors in web surveys. However, the effects of prompt interventions on data quality measures are mixed, and it is unclear how prompt interventions affect key survey estimates. We conducted an…
Descriptors: Prompting, Intervention, Online Surveys, Response Rates (Questionnaires)
Brenner, Philip S.; Buskirk, Trent D. – Field Methods, 2022
We tested a novel extension to mailed invitations to a web-push survey, using a postcard invitation to deliver a scratch-off giftcode incentive similar to an instant-win lottery ticket. Scratch-off postcards were included as one of five conditions in randomized survey experiment varying two mailing types (letter and postcard) and three incentive…
Descriptors: Incentives, Response Rates (Questionnaires), Cost Effectiveness, Letters (Correspondence)
Jean Philippe Décieux; Andreas Heinz – International Journal of Social Research Methodology, 2024
In times of decreasing response rates and survey participation, many 'best-practices' have been developed for increasing survey recruitment. However, most of these have never been adequately and experimentally scrutinized for their efficacy. Therefore, in this research note, we draw on probability-based data of an online panel and experimentally…
Descriptors: Scheduling, Online Surveys, Response Rates (Questionnaires), Communication Strategies
Haas, Georg-Christoph; Volkert, Marieke; Senghaas, Monika – Field Methods, 2023
Even small monetary incentives, e.g., a one-dollar bill in a postal invitation letter, can increase the response rate in a web survey. However, in the euro currency area, the smallest amount of monetary incentive for a postal invitation is a five-euro bill, which is costly. As such, we conducted a random experiment with prepaid stamp and postcard…
Descriptors: Online Surveys, Incentives, Response Rates (Questionnaires), Costs
Irina Bauer; Tanja Kunz; Tobias Gummer – International Journal of Social Research Methodology, 2025
In web surveys, no interviewer is present to clarify question comprehension problems, which can be particularly prevalent among respondents with low literacy skills. Although plain language is used in various contexts to improve text comprehensibility, its use in social science questionnaires has not been investigated to date. Using a…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Online Surveys, Data Collection, Questionnaires
Adam B. Wilson; William S. Brooks; Danielle N. Edwards; Jill Deaver; Jessica A. Surd; Obadiah J. Pirlo; William A. Byrd; Edgar R. Meyer; Amy Beresheim; Stephanie L. Cuskey; Jack G. Tsintolas; Eric S. Norrell; Harriet C. Fisher; Christopher W. Skaggs; Dmytro Mysak; Samantha R. Levin; Carlos E. Escutia Rosas; Andrew S. Cale; Md Nazmul Karim; Jenna Pollock; Nicholas J. Kakos; Monica S. O'Brien; Rebecca S. Lufler – Anatomical Sciences Education, 2024
Growth in the online survey market may be increasing response burden and possibly jeopardizing higher response rates. This meta-analysis evaluated survey trends over one decade (2011-2020) to determine: (1) changes in survey publication rates over time, (2) changes in response rates over time, (3) typical response rates within health sciences…
Descriptors: Online Surveys, Response Rates (Questionnaires), Health Sciences, Educational Research
de Rada, Vidal Díaz – Field Methods, 2022
This article presents the results of a general population study that used three different modes of data collection administered sequentially. The study began with a letter that contained the link to an online survey. Those who did not respond were interviewed by phone or face-to-face. The article focuses on the cost of the study related to…
Descriptors: Data Collection, Sequential Approach, Online Surveys, Interviews
Ashani Jayasekera; Laura Stapleton – Society for Research on Educational Effectiveness, 2024
Background: A growing number of surveys are conducted online where respondents can choose to complete the questionnaire (Lehdonvirta et al., 2020). As respondents are self-selected, there is potential that the respondents will not be an accurate representation of the population. For example, white people are disproportionately more likely to…
Descriptors: Online Surveys, Test Construction, Test Validity, Test Reliability
Patricia Hadler – Sociological Methods & Research, 2025
Probes are follow-ups to survey questions used to gain insights on respondents' understanding of and responses to these questions. They are usually administered as open-ended questions, primarily in the context of questionnaire pretesting. Due to the decreased cost of data collection for open-ended questions in web surveys, researchers have argued…
Descriptors: Online Surveys, Discovery Processes, Test Items, Data Collection
Stanley, Marshica; Roycroft, Jessica; Amaya, Ashley; Dever, Jill A.; Srivastav, Anup – Field Methods, 2020
Previous research has shown that increasing the size of incentives can increase response rates for probability-based, cross-sectional surveys. However, the effects of incentives on web panels have not been extensively studied. We sought to answer the question: What is the effect of larger, postpaid incentives on (1) response, (2) data quality, and…
Descriptors: Incentives, Response Rates (Questionnaires), Data, Bias
Kmetty, Zoltán; Stefkovics, Ádám – International Journal of Social Research Methodology, 2022
Questionnaire design choices, such as handling 'do not know' answers or using check all that apply questions may impact the level of item- and unit nonresponse. We used experimental data from an online panel and the questions of ESS to examine how applying forced answering, offering DK/NA options and specific question formats (CATA vs. forced…
Descriptors: Item Response Theory, Test Format, Response Rates (Questionnaires), Questionnaires
Lipps, Oliver; Monsch, Gian-Andrea – Field Methods, 2022
Telephone surveys face more and more criticism because of decreasing coverage and increasing costs, and the risk of producing socially desirable answers. Consequently, survey administrators consider switching their surveys to the web mode, although the web mode is more susceptible to item nonresponse. Still, we do not know whether this is true for…
Descriptors: Telephone Surveys, Online Surveys, Questioning Techniques, Difficulty Level
Coryn, Chris L. S.; Becho, Lyssa W.; Westine, Carl D.; Mateu, Pedro F.; Abu-Obaid, Ruqayyah N.; Hobson, Kristin A.; Schröter, Daniela C.; Dodds, Erica L.; Vo, Anne T.; Ramlow, Mary – American Journal of Evaluation, 2020
Internet surveys of American Evaluation Association (AEA) members are a common method for studying evaluation practice. Response rates obtained from Internet surveys of AEA members are, however, frequently very small. To investigate whether or not material incentives increase response rates to Internet surveys of AEA members, a between-subjects…
Descriptors: Response Rates (Questionnaires), Online Surveys, Professional Associations, Incentives
Bryan, Leah N.; Smith-Grant, Jennifer; Brener, Nancy; Kilmer, Greta; Lo, Annie; Queen, Barbara; Underwood, J. Michael – Journal of School Health, 2022
Background: Since the inception of the Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System in 1991, all surveys have been conducted in schools, using paper and pencil instruments (PAPI). For the 2019 YRBSS, sites were offered the opportunity to conduct their surveys using electronic data collection. This study aimed to determine whether differences in select…
Descriptors: Risk, Health Behavior, Incidence, Adolescents
