Song leading sections for children are available on a weekly basis in religious settings in Hong Kong, yet there has been limited amount of research drawn over this learning platform on developing children's social and emotional competence. This study aims to investigate the extent to which Song Leading sections in Hong Kong Protestant churches…

This article discusses factors affecting youth's critical thinking competency, using a dataset of 1182 observations from 30 secondary schools in rural and urban areas of Vietnam. Structural Equation Model (SEM) was constructed to analyse the overall impact of sociodemographic, within-school and out-of-school factors on critical thinking capacity…

This study aims to study the Current Conditions, Desirable Conditions, and Necessary Needs of Educational Management according to standards for Excellence of Sub -- District Non -- Formal and Informal Education Centre. And to study educational management guidelines according to the Sub -- District Non -- Formal and Informal Education Centre…

The 3Ds Career Planning Program is a sequential learning activity consisting of three stages: Diagnosing (8 activities), Designing (9 activities), and Doing (2 activities). These stages help students determine their future careers by exploring themselves and the world of careers, creating paths to desired jobs, and putting their plans into action.…

This article reports an empirical case study of a community self-help group (chama) in Western Kenya, utilising the study circle model promoted by a Swedish non-governmental organisation. Methodologically, it is a qualitative study using semi-structured interviews and participant observation for data collection. The results show that the study…

A reformed national curriculum has introduced transformative and sociocultural learning elements to the Finnish education system. In addition, sustainability and outdoor education remain pressing issues for Finnish educators. We conducted a content analysis of the views of outdoor education held by student teachers enrolled in first-year…

Age can lead to stigmatisation, which is aggravated in groups that are already at risk of exclusion, such as women. This intersectional bias between age and gender (gendered ageism) affects so-called mature workers (aged 50 and over) in different ways, including the prejudices of employers and workers regarding their skills and competencies, as…

Purpose: This article aims at the understanding of specific spaces where entrepreneurship education (EE) happens -- inside and outside the classroom. Design/methodology/approach: Building on frameworks such as formal versus non-formal entrepreneurial education and institutional versus non-institutional actors, this research applies structural…

This paper presents how a dialogical educational proposal, inspired by Freire's perspective, was introduced and adapted to the digital educational environment in distance teaching-learning. From Freire's pedagogy perspective, dialogue is one of the main assumptions for the teaching-learning activity. Therefore, we developed an online environment…

This study aims to analyze the achievement of service standard at the Center for Community Learning Activities (PKBM). The focus of this research is: (1) What is the Community Learning Center formulation strategy in improving service quality? (2) What is the Community Learning Center implementation strategy in improving service quality? (3) What…

Mentoring to many is the informal highly unstructured teaching, advising, and nurturing which we receive from various individuals during our school years and professional lives and then give back to our students and more junior colleagues. However, with the advances in science and technology, the increasing competitiveness in the workplace, fast…

In the context of technological change and the ongoing transformation of the labour market, this paper investigates firms' employer-provided continuing training provision for employees with different skill requirements. Following human capital theory, firms invest in training when expecting higher returns than costs. From a theoretical point of…

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has impacted non-formal education, which includes children's informal learning and social development. Due to the required closings of many informal learning spaces, children have been left without methods to construct their learning physically and socially. This essay discusses how informal…

This case study research examines informal adult learning in the Lock the Gate Alliance, a campaign against mining for coal seam gas in Central Gippsland, Australia. In the field of the campaign, circumstantial activists learn to think critically about the environment, they learn informally and incidentally, through socialization with experienced…

Non-formal education (NFE) programs -- those existing separately from hierarchically and chronologically organized schools -- have a long history with distance and online learning, both of which have been essential to NFE programming. NFE programs like Scouts BSA, the Boy Scouts of America's (BSA) co-ed program for 11-17 year olds, rely upon…