Ancient Chinese civilisation developed two ideas about the ordering of large human spaces. The first was tianxia or 'all under heaven', the inclusive and cosmopolitan world as a whole, with no exterior, and governance on the basis of shared values and benefits, which first shaped statecraft in the Western Zhou dynasty (1047-1771 BCE). Second, the…

The complicated colonial history of the Philippines impacts notions of gender in the Islands. Specifically, institutions with strong foreign roots, such as universities, maintain and challenge gender relations. The Philippines sees multiple gender issues in universities despite government-mandated gender mainstreaming policies for education…

Purpose of the Study: Children express themselves freely with the help of art education and have the opportunity to learn thanks to richer content and experience. The purpose of this study was to help elementary school students recognize and learn about cultural heritage in their environment through various art activities. Research Methods: The…

Great Books programs and Western civilization courses have understandably emphasized the Greco-Roman and Hebraic origins of Western civilization, while moving on to a European focus, with some material relating to the Western Hemisphere usually brought in for good measure. After all, people have the ancient Greeks to thank for such landmark…

An interpretive review of recently acquired archaeological evidence of the writing, seals, and city plans of the Indus Valley Civilization. (JB)

Examines symbolic action as a method of exerting public influence nonverbally through nonviolent behavior. Discusses Gandhi's persuasive tactics including fasting, propaganda tours, silence, clothing and adoption of symbols. (MH)

This bibliography of the holdings of the United States Military Academy Library's Orientalia Collection as of January 1977 lists books and periodicals written mostly in Chinese, with a few words in Japanese and English. The major subjects include general and military history, history of military art and science, biography, culture, geography,…

In reviewing "Missionaries and Education in Bengal 1793-1837" by M. A. Laird, which relates the efforts of Christian missionaries to educational policy, the author applauds Laird's descriptive achievement but is disappointed by his isolation of education from its context in Indian history. (JH)

Three articles describe the educational activities and teachings of Confucius and his disciple Mencius as attempts to restore the faltering slave-owning aristocracy of ancient China and as counterrevolutionary. (DE)

This article examines the life and teachings of Li Chih (1527-1602 A.D.) especially his struggle against the dominant intellectual atmosphere of Confucianism. The revolutionary nature of his struggle is emphasized. (DE)

This article describes the role of Lu Hsun inthe repudiation of Confucian teachings during the progress of the Chinese revolution from 1919 through 1949. The reactionary role of Confucius in the twentieth century is emphasized. (DE)

This article examines how Lin Piao used the teaching and ideology of Confucius and Mencius as the backbone of his attempted coup d'etat in 1970. The elitist nature of Confucian philosophy, and Lin Piao's attempt to use Confucius to reject historical materialism is emphasized. (DE)

Five articles describe the educational activities and teachings of Confucius and his desciple Mencius as counter revolutionary attempts to restore the falterning slave-owning aristocracy of ancient China. (DE)