This paper describes an episode in the history of journalism that reveals a continuing tension in news reporting. Dating from the invention of the telegraph in the late nineteenth century, news reports have been increasingly patterned after either a "scientific" or a "literary" model. The scientific report is based on irreducible facts, high-speed…

This pamphlet was prepared to teach certified public accountants (CPAs) the skill of oral communication, in order to prepare them for an increasing number of news interviews on financial and business events. It stresses that the best interests of both CPAs and the general public are served if relations with the press are marked by friendliness and…

This paper examines the facts of the Knops case, a Wisconsin Supreme Court decision that deals with freedom of the press, underground newspapers, and reporter's privilege (not to reveal a news source), and surveys the news coverage of the Knops case to evaluate the stance of the Wisconsin press in regard to reporter's privilege. The paper…

The purpose of this paper is: (1) to present and analyze the most important laws, along with the most prominent court cases, that affected free expression and the press in post-junta Greece (1974-1977), and (2) to describe the media system of Greece for the same period in order to offer a better perspective on the Greek press in those crucial…

ARTICLES FROM NEWSPAPERS IN ARKANSAS, DELAWARE, FLORIDA, GEORGIA, KENTUCKY, MISSISSIPPI, NORTH CAROLINA, SOUTH CAROLINA, TENNESSEE, TEXAS, AND VIRGINIA ARE PRESENTED. THESE ARTICLES PROTEST AGAINST VIOLENCE IN THE SOUTH. THE MAJOR ARGUMENTS ARE THAT--UNITED STATES' NATIONAL ESTEEM AT HOME AND ABROAD IS BEING LESSENED. UNITED STATES LAW COURTS ARE…

Presidential candidates in the United States tend to seek consensus rather than to try to discover new answers to problems and to convince voters that they should be elected to implement those answers. Reporters in the mass media emphasize objectivity and fairness in their reporting. This emphasis produces an intense interest in the…

The relationship between the media and public opinion concerning national elections is examined. Trends in public opinion and media emphasis were analyzed according to attention to political issues, ideological concepts, and party identification. A random sample of approximately 220 presidential election stories in the New York Times was taken for…

This report discusses the background, advantages, and disadvantages of the televised presidential press conference, citing the opinions of numerous newspaper and magazine writers. After presenting a brief overview of the presidential press conference from the administration of Theodore Roosevelt to that of Eisenhower, the report discusses the type…

In an interview at a Speech Communication Association conference in 1975, Walter Cronkite of CBS news was asked a number of questions on the role and characteristics of television news. Among the items discussed with Mr. Cronkite were the following: the degree to which events are shaped by their being reported on national news programs; the news…

The Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) has paid journalists, used information from unpaid journalists, owned foreign media outlets, planted stories, and put the lid on other stories throughout its 30-year history. Journalism makes a good cover for agents because journalists can ask questions without arousing suspicion. It has been estimated that…

This report traces the development of the Egyptian press, from its origin with the arrival of the first printing press in 1789 to the present free press policies of Anwar Sadat. Because political struggle and social reform have accompanied the educational and cultural progress of Egypt, the news publications have traditionally been utilitarian.…

This study examines data from several national polls about press coverage during the Watergate scandal, in order to assess the origins of press criticism. The polls were conducted between 28 September and 6 October 1973, during June 1974, and in August 1974. The data suggest that political variables--particularly support of Nixon, party…

This book examines the status of the press and the criticism surrounding it. Chapter 1 attempts to relate theories of criticism to the contemporary press, to define the public interest relative to the press, and to discuss the role of criticism and the social responsibility of the press. Chapter 2 presents a brief history of press criticism from…

The major topic is the running battle between news media and the government, as reflected in documentary exposes like "The Selling of the Pentagon,""Migrant," and "Banks and the Poor." The best examples of broadcast journalism during the year are reviewed, along with the response they got from the press, the…

Based on responses from 1130 interviews in black and white neighborhoods, perceptions of what occurred relating to an incident in Detroit were linked to reports from mass media. Different media combinations were associated differently with how whites and blacks relying on these sources perceived the incident. (Author)