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Liao, Jung-Yu; Huang, Chiu-Mieh; Lee, Charles Tzu-Chi; Hsu, Hsiao-Pei; Chang, Chiu-Ching; Chuang, Che-Jen; Guo, Jong-Long – Health Education Journal, 2018
Objective: The use of illicit drugs by adolescents is a widespread problem in Taiwan. The aim of this study was to identify risk and protective factors. Design: Web-based survey of high school students. Setting: Senior high schools and vocational high schools in northern Taiwan. Method: Survey data were collected from 15,754 students. Logistic…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Drug Abuse, Adolescents, At Risk Persons
Bird, Sheila M.; Parmar, Mahesh K. B.; Strang, John – Drugs: Education, Prevention & Policy, 2015
Aims: Scotland was the first country to adopt take-home naloxone (THN) as a funded public health policy. We summarise the background and rigorous set-up for before/after monitoring to assess the impact on high-risk opiate-fatalities. Methods: Evidence-synthesis of prospectively monitored small-scale THN schemes led to a performance indicator for…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Drug Abuse, Prevention, Death
Johnston, Lloyd D.; Schulenberg, John E.; O'Malley, Patrick M.; Bachman, Jerald G.; Miech, Richard A.; Patrick, Megan E. – Institute for Social Research, 2019
This occasional paper presents subgroup findings from the Monitoring the Future (MTF) study on levels of, and trends in, the use of a number of substances for nationally representative samples of high school graduates ages 19-30, "Monitoring the Future National Survey Results on Drug Use, 1975-2018. Volume II, College Students & Adults…
Descriptors: Drug Abuse, Gender Differences, College Attendance, Geographic Regions
Vosburg, Suzanne K.; Eaton, Thomas A.; Sokolowska, Marta; Osgood, Eric D.; Ashworth, Judy B.; Trudeau, Jeremiah J.; Muffett-Lipinski, Michelle; Katz, Nathaniel P. – Journal of Child & Adolescent Substance Abuse, 2016
The progression from prescription opioid (RXO) abuse to RXO addiction is not well understood in adolescents, nor is the progression from RXO addiction to heroin abuse. The purpose of this pilot study was to characterize the development of RXO drug abuse, RXO drug addiction, and heroin abuse in a small cohort of adolescents recovering from opioid…
Descriptors: Drug Abuse, Narcotics, Drug Therapy, Pain
Johnston, Lloyd D.; Schulenberg, John E.; Patrick, Megan E.; O'Malley, Patrick M.; Bachman, Jerald G.; Miech, Richard A. – Institute for Social Research, 2021
This occasional paper presents subgroup findings from the Monitoring the Future (MTF) study on levels of, and trends in, the use of a number of substances for nationally representative samples of high school graduates ages 19-30, "Monitoring the Future National Survey Results on Drug Use, 1975-2018. Volume II, College Students & Adults…
Descriptors: Drug Use, Drug Abuse, Trend Analysis, High School Graduates
Asadullin, Azat R.; Yuldashev, Vladimir L.; Galeeva, Elena Kh.; Achmetova, Elvina A.; Nikolaev, Ivan V. – International Journal of Environmental and Science Education, 2016
The urgency of this study has become vivid in the light of the growing problem of prevalence and use of new synthetic drug types, incidence rate of comorbid states, and pathomorphism of psychoactive substances consumption. The aim of this paper consists in analysis and disclosure of the research data obtained on consumption of such designer drugs…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Drug Abuse, Geographic Location, Addictive Behavior
Johnston, Lloyd D.; Miech, Richard A.; O'Malley, Patrick M.; Bachman, Jerald G.; Schulenberg, John E.; Patrick, Megan E. – Institute for Social Research, 2020
This occasional paper presents national demographic subgroup data for the 1975-2019 Monitoring the Future (MTF) national survey results on 8th, 10th, and 12th graders' use of drugs, alcohol, and tobacco. The 2018 subgroup data presented in this report accompany the "Monitoring the Future National Survey Results on Drug Use: 1975-2019:…
Descriptors: Adolescents, Drug Abuse, Grade 8, Grade 10
Rajeev Darolia; John Tyler – Brookings Institution, 2020
In this report, the authors introduce one of the unexplored effects of the opioid crisis, the link between the opioid epidemic and the education outcomes of children in hard-hit areas. Children, of course, are not immune to the effects of what may happen in their homes and communities, and there is ample evidence that negative home or community…
Descriptors: Narcotics, Outcomes of Education, Disadvantaged, Resource Allocation
Johnston, Lloyd D.; Miech, Richard A.; O'Malley, Patrick M.; Bachman, Jerald G.; Schulenberg, John E.; Patrick, Megan E. – Institute for Social Research, 2019
This occasional paper presents national demographic subgroup data for the 1975-2018 Monitoring the Future (MTF) national survey results on 8th, 10th, and 12th graders' use of drugs, alcohol, and tobacco. The study covers all major classes of illicit and licit psychoactive drugs for an array of population subgroups. The trends are presented in…
Descriptors: Grade 8, Grade 10, Grade 12, Drug Abuse
Miech, Richard A.; Johnston, Lloyd D.; Patrick, Megan E.; O'Malley, Patrick M.; Bachman, Jerald G.; Schulenberg, John E. – Institute for Social Research, 2023
Monitoring the Future (MTF) is designed to give such attention to substance use among the nation's youth and adults. It is an investigator-initiated study that originated with, and is conducted by, a team of research professors at the University of Michigan's Institute for Social Research. Since its onset in 1975, MTF has been funded continuously…
Descriptors: Substance Abuse, Grade 8, Grade 10, Grade 12
Fernando, Anushka B. P.; Urcelay, Gonzalo P.; Mar, Adam C.; Dickinson, Anthony; Robbins, Trevor W. – Learning & Memory, 2014
Safety signals provide "relief" through predicting the absence of an aversive event. At issue is whether these signals also act as instrumental reinforcers. Four experiments were conducted using a free-operant lever-press avoidance paradigm in which each press avoided shock and was followed by the presentation of a 5-sec auditory safety…
Descriptors: Reinforcement, Operant Conditioning, Safety, Anxiety
Shea, Kathryn; Graham, Mimi – ZERO TO THREE, 2018
The opioid epidemic has led to a dramatic increase in the number of infants and toddlers being removed from their homes and placed in foster care. Doing so places these vulnerable young children at high risk for attachment issues, postnatal medical problems, and development delay. Early Childhood Courts have been found to be a very effective…
Descriptors: Substance Abuse, Infants, Mental Health, Toddlers
Blouin, Ashley M.; Han, Sungho; Pearce, Anne M.; Cheng, KaiLun; Lee, JongAh J.; Johnson, Alexander W.; Wang, Chuansong; During, Matthew J.; Holland, Peter C.; Shaham, Yavin; Baraban, Jay M.; Reti, Irving M. – Learning & Memory, 2013
Narp knockout (KO) mice demonstrate an impaired extinction of morphine conditioned place preference (CPP). Because the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) has been implicated in extinction learning, we tested whether Narp cells in this region play a role in the extinction of morphine CPP. We found that intracranial injections of adenoassociated virus…
Descriptors: Brain, Animals, Learning Processes, Narcotics
Roll, John M.; Newton, Thomas; Chudzynski, Joy; Cameron, Jennifer M.; McPherson, Sterling; Fong, Tim; Torrington, Matt – Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 2012
Gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) is a drug with significant abuse potential. The present study aimed to assess the relative value of escalating doses of GHB to current GHB users via the Multiple Choice Procedure (MCP), and to validate that the dose rated highest with the MCP would be self-administered at a greater rate than placebo. Participants were 5…
Descriptors: Narcotics, Drug Abuse, Preferences, Adults
Lev-Ran, Shaul; Steinmetz, Yoed; Weiser, Mark – Drugs: Education, Prevention & Policy, 2016
Background: Negative attitudes towards substance use and Substance Use Disorders (SUDs) are among the commonly cited barriers to screening and treating these disorders by physicians. These negative attitudes have also been reported in medical students. The aim of this study was to examine attitudes of medical students in Israel towards nicotine,…
Descriptors: Substance Abuse, Negative Attitudes, Medical Students, Smoking