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Mellers, Barbara A.; Biagini, Karen – Psychological Review, 1994
A contrast weighting approach is explored for choice situations where the similarity of levels along one dimension enhances the weight of the other dimension. The contrast-weighting theory is applied to different data sets in which subjects make choices between multiattribute options. (SLD)
Descriptors: Comparative Analysis, Contrast, Decision Making, Evaluative Thinking
Connell, Louise; Keane, Mark T. – Cognitive Science, 2006
Plausibility has been implicated as playing a critical role in many cognitive phenomena from comprehension to problem solving. Yet, across cognitive science, plausibility is usually treated as an operationalized variable or metric rather than being explained or studied in itself. This article describes a new cognitive model of plausibility, the…
Descriptors: Prior Learning, Models, Comprehension, Problem Solving
Murdock, Bennet – Psychological Review, 2006
The sum-difference theory of remembering and knowing (STREAK) provides a sophisticated account of many interactions in the remember-know (R-K) area (C. M. Rotello, N. A. Macmillan, & J. A. Reeder, 2004; see record 2004-15929-002). It assumes 2 orthogonal strength dimensions and oblique criterion planes. Another dual-process model (J. T. Wixted…
Descriptors: Decision Making, Models, Memory, Evaluative Thinking
Weir, Eric – 1980
Three types of explanation in evaluation are discussed: causal explanations, explanations of actions, and explanations of value judgments. The role and importance of each form is addressed, as are alternate approaches to providing such explanation. The concept of explanation is defined as anything said or done to help someone understand something.…
Descriptors: Accountability, Evaluation Methods, Evaluative Thinking, Evaluators

Beach, Robert H. – 1982
The making of a decision implies a choice between competing alternative solutions. In a decision-making context including multiple criteria, the criteria (or their related variables) are placed in relation to each other. This provides a comparison to some fixed point or origin, reducing the problem to one which can be solved by optimization as in…
Descriptors: Decision Making, Evaluation Criteria, Evaluative Thinking, Evaluators
Loke, Wing Hong – 1988
This document notes that researchers study the processes involved in judgment and decision making and prescribe theories and models that reflect the behavior of the decision makers. It addresses the various models that are used to represent judgment and decision making, with particular interest in models that more accurately represent human…
Descriptors: Decision Making, Evaluative Thinking, Foreign Countries, Models
Anderson, Edwin R. – 1975
Evaluation can be considered as a general activity not specifically confined to educational settings. This paper considers the assumptions leading up to a definition of value, defines value within the framework of the stated assumptions, and discusses evaluation as a conceptual, rationalizing activity. Terms defined in the paper's first section…
Descriptors: Definitions, Evaluation, Evaluation Methods, Evaluative Thinking

Cordray, David S. – New Directions for Program Evaluation, 1986
The role of human judgment in the development and synthesis of evidence has not been adequately developed or acknowledged within quasi-experimental analysis. Corrective solutions need to confront the fact that causal analysis within complex environments will require a more active assessment that entails reasoning and statistical modeling.…
Descriptors: Evaluative Thinking, Models, Program Effectiveness, Program Evaluation
Alkin, Marvin C.; Ellett, Frederick S., Jr. – CEDR Quarterly, 1979
Classification or category systems are important for defining and introducing new concepts, such as decision management/facilitative v judgmental evaluations. Furthermore, category systems can lead to a reexamination or restatement of views of evaluation. (CP)
Descriptors: Classification, Evaluation, Evaluation Methods, Evaluation Needs

Komorita, S. S. – Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 1976
Presents a model which suggests experiments that may be relevant for some of the real-life problems society currently faces. Extending the generality of the model may provide valuable insights into the underlying processes which facilitate or inhibit the development of cooperative behavior. (Author/RK)
Descriptors: Charts, Evaluative Thinking, Games, Models
Cook, Gabriel I.; Marsh, Richard L.; Hicks, Jason L. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2006
Five experiments were conducted to address the question of whether source information could be accessed in the absence of being able to recall an item. The authors used a paired-associate learning paradigm in which cue-target word pairs were studied, and target recall was requested in the presence of the cue. When target recall failed,…
Descriptors: Memory, Cues, Recall (Psychology), Paired Associate Learning
Bayen, Ute J.; Erdfelder, Edgar; Bearden, J. Neil; Lozito, Jeffery P. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2006
Hindsight bias is the phenomenon that after people are presented with the correct answer to a question, their judgment regarding their own past answer to this question is biased toward the correct answer. In three experiments, younger and older adults gave numerical responses to general-knowledge questions and later attempted to recall their…
Descriptors: Recall (Psychology), Aging (Individuals), Bias, Models

Geahigan, George – Journal of Aesthetic Education, 1975
This paper pointed out assumptions underlying Feldman's definition of "evaluation", showed how he failed to specify criteria which would implement his model, suggested reasons for his choice of evaluation model, and pointed out a number of considerations for aesthetic evaluation in a classroom context. (Author/RK)
Descriptors: Aesthetic Education, Art Products, Critical Thinking, Definitions

Harris, Ben M. – Journal of Research and Development in Education, 1976
Author cautioned that there are limits to clinical supervision and provided the reader with a list of and rationale for these limits. (Editor/RK)
Descriptors: Evaluative Thinking, Instructional Improvement, Models, Supervision

Shaklee, Harriet; Hall, Laurie – Journal of Educational Psychology, 1983
College subjects (n=106) judged a set of 12 covariation problems structured so that each of four judgment rules would produce a distinctive judgment pattern on a problem set. The findings suggest that self-report is a weak basis for conclusions about sources of error in covariation judgment. (Author/PN)
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Evaluation Methods, Evaluative Thinking, Higher Education