School counseling as a specialty area within the profession of counseling is, in the eyes of many, experiencing a crisis of identity. The crisis, however, truly lies with school counselors struggling to fit the mold impressed upon them by external forces which often contradicts their educational preparation as counselors. We make two main points.…

Recently, consensus among researchers and professionals has emerged about factors that contribute to postschool success of youth with disabilities. Prominent among these factors are targeted academic preparation, family involvement, youth empowerment, and service collaboration and linkages. Work experience and paid employment have been identified…

In this qualitative study, the authors examined the experience of discrimination and its relationship to the career development trajectory of 9 female-to-male transgender persons. Participants were between 21 and 48 years old and had a variety of vocational experiences. Individual semistructured interviews were conducted via telephone and analyzed…

This monograph on career development begins with an examination of the antecedents of present day career initiatives. The evolution of the concepts of career and career development are reviewed and the rethinking and reformulating of these concepts that have occurred since 1900 are examined. The time period from 1900 to 1950 is reviewed as the…

Presents a model of vocational and career-oriented secondary school programs for the emotionally disturbed population. The model borrows principles and practices from various theoretical approaches, including the trait-factor, psychodynamic, behavioral, and developmental approaches. The methods and materials recommended are believed to be…

The centric model of career counseling was developed for use in employment counseling and takes into account psychological, social, and economic factors. Four developmental phases are used to describe movement within the centric model. The initial phase, readiness, establishes the working alliance between the counselor and the client. Clients must…

The purpose of this article is to set out the key elements of the Chaos Theory of Careers. The complexity of influences on career development presents a significant challenge to traditional predictive models of career counseling. Chaos theory can provide a more appropriate description of career behavior, and the theory can be applied with clients…

The context in which career decisions are made is dynamic--occupations are changing rapidly and society is becoming increasingly complex. This digest describes a model that uses five processes which are critical to effective career planning: initiation, exploration, decision making, preparation, and implementation. The first process, initiation,…

The search model and compromise model currently dominate thinking about career development. One assumes that individuals form occupational personalities that are the basis for occupational selection; the other considers career choice a lifelong integration of experiences with environmental barriers. These can help the academic advisor guide…

This paper addresses the need for the modification of educational objectives and instructional methodology with a view toward responding to an uncertain future. Career guidance must find ways to assist individuals in the process of self-development and self-actualization. An effective career guidance program calls upon the school counselor to…

This article presents the organization of innovative and traditional programs in a multi-service approach to providing career development services. A two-dimensional 12-celled model is presented for the delivery of counseling services by the college counseling center. (Author)

Describes a guidance program which renews school district guidance services so that the school district may better meet the needs of students during periods of change and confusion. (Author/RK)

Discusses the role and responsibilities of the school counselor for guidance programs. Indicates that these programs must be comprehensive, planned, and sequential in nature, and require collaboration of all staff to be most effective. Presents implications for the development and implementation of these programs. (JOW)

This guide was developed to aid vocational counselors and job placement coordinators in planning activities for students and potential students of vocational education programs. It contains a vocational guidance model which clarifies what vocational guidance services mean and what local planners should include in their activities. The model shows…