Japanese Morita therapy is discussed to highlight its culturally and theoretically unique perspectives on human nature and client change. Key features of this theory are: theory of the nervous trait; multiple-dimensional model of causes and treatment of nervous neurosis; theory of mental attachment; reframing anxiety into constructive desires; and…

The structural model of positive and negative cognition derives from principles of information processing, intrapersonal communication, and cybernetic self-regulation. The model proposes five distinct states of mind quantitatively defined by the proportion of positive to total cognition. A positive dialogue with a set point proportion of .618 plus…

Drawing on the work of Charles Curran, this paper proposes ways in which the training of teachers might be facilitated through regular counseling. Anxiety is seen as the chief difficulty in the conventional training process. This anxiety, caused by fear of making mistakes, of losing job security, or of performing in public and being evaluated, can…