Presents a model of the planning process that may serve as a conceptual frame for educational planning. Suggests that a sound model of the educational planning process is needed to generate comparative empirical research needed by planners and students of planning. (Author/JH)

This paper explains the concept of models, their construction, and their use. It is suggested that mathematics is a helpful tool in model construction, and that models in general are indispensable in science. Models identify variables and illustrate causal relationships among the variables. An attempt is made to classify models from the point of…

Constructs an input-output model, similar to those used to analyze interdependence among sectors in an economy, for application to administration of a school within a university. The model makes possible forecasting of personnel requirements for each component within the school, generated by changes in external demands for school services that…

Methods for planning technological innovations in education are expanded and applied to the problem of planning educational services for Botswana. (Author/WM)