At the core of the epistemology of black identity in the 20th century United States is the assertion that freedom is a human right, not a privilege to be earned. By the late 19th century, an ideology of racial uplift had emerged that revolved around four concepts--compassion, service, education, and a commitment to social and economic justice for…

In the early stages of higher education desegregation, there was a disproportionate shifting of black students to historically white institutions. Today, it is estimated that about 82% of all black students in colleges and universities are enrolled in traditionally white institutions. As desegregation proceeded, the conviction grew that it was to…

Suggests that desegregation should be seen as an ongoing process rather than a specific event. More attention should be given to shaping students' experiences in desegregated schools to foster positive intergroup relations. School staff must work to avoid resegregation and create a cooperative environment in which minority and majority members…

The year 2004 marked the 50th anniversary of the landmark "Brown vs. Board of Education" case that put an official end to segregated schooling in the USA. Desegregation has received little attention as of late, yet a number of scholars argue that the work of desegregation is far from being complete in the USA. The aim of this paper is to…

Examines trends in residential segregation for Blacks, Hispanics, and Asians in 60 Standard Metropolitan Statistical Areas (SMSAs) between 1970 and 1980. Black-Anglo segregation remained high in the North, but decreased in some smaller Southern and Western SMSAs. Hispanic segregation was markedly below that of Blacks, but has increased. Asian…

Employment shortfall is enumerated differently by the proportionality technique, the exogenous base technique, and the complete shift-share and simple shift-share technique, three methods of analyzing occupational convergence (when labor force group distributions become more similar over time). The methods are applied to 1950-70 teacher employment…

The data which has accumulated at the National Opinion Research Center over the past several years on the differential personality constellations of eight American white ethnic groups seemingly offer conclusive evidence that even when social class is held constant, immense differences of personalities have persisted among these groups. Among…

In Los Angeles, where Anglos are a relatively small and declining minority, where Hispanics are becoming the majority, and where projections show more Black than Anglo students within a few years, desegregation is only feasible within a metropolitan context. (CMG)

Discusses the history of school desegregation efforts in Chicago from the 1964 Civil Rights Act to the present. Suggests that the concept of "uniform incorporation" of all citizens in society is being replaced by the goal of "egalitarian pluralism" (Pierre van den Berghe's categories) by Chicago's Black and Hispanic leaders.…

In spite of almost 30 years of busing to achieve racial balance, there continues to be a significant gap between White and African American children in terms of school achievement, and African American students still score below national averages on achievement tests. As the city of Pittsburgh (Pennsylvania) considers whether to reduce or maintain…

Discusses the use of statistical analysis to identify patterns of discrimination in employment. Analyzes the effects of job segregation on women and minorities at the American Telephone and Telegraph Company. (FMW)

This study examined whether replacing race-based affirmative action admissions programs in higher education institutions with class-based programs would continue to assist minorities yet have the added benefit of helping poor and working class whites. Three National Center for Education Statistics longitudinal databases were examined to assess the…

Dialogue and research on racism since the mid-1970s have yielded increased controversy over the theories, foundation, and continued existence of racism. The chapters presented in this book provide various divergent views of what constitutes racism and frameworks for reducing it. The following chapters (and their authors) are included: (1)…

Ethnic/race relations among trustees, administrators, faculty, and professional nonfaculty who were affiliated with colleges and universities located in the Southeastern United States during the late 1970s were examined. The macroscopic theory of the split labor market (Bonacich, 1979) was modified and tested within an institutional framework.…

Examines the negative effects of the affirmative action admissions program at the University of California Berkeley, and briefly discusses the qualifications of minority college bound students and minority recruitment in general. (FMW)