Among the many arguments against affirmative action discussed in the academic literature, there is one stating that affirmative action fails to target the most marginalised members of a disadvantaged group, and instead it supports the group's most affluent members whose socio-economic position may be comparable to that of the mainstream…

In both China and in the United States, policies of "positive discrimination" were originally intended to lessen educational and economic inequalities, and to provide equal opportunities. As with affirmative action in the American context, China's "preferential policies" are broad-reaching, but are best known for taking ethnic…

This document is the report on research which was undertaken by the Center of Civil Integration and Inter-Ethnic Relations and financed by the United Nations Association in Georgia within the project "Advanced National Integration" funded by United States Agency for International Development (USAID). The research aimed at the evaluation…

This volume is the first to comprehensively examine Chinese's affirmative action policies in the critical area of minority education, the most important conduit to employment and economic success in the People's Republic of China after the economic reforms begun in the late 1970s. This book contains four parts. Part I, "Debating China's…

This paper discusses changes in U.S. minority populations, factors affecting the attempt to achieve minority parity in medicine, the current status of minorities in medical training (including educational debt) and on medical faculties, and remedies for institutions' lack of success in achieving parity. (Author/DB)

Suggests that a refusal to test for competency because of so-called cultural biases is highly political and deprives one of any tool to determine who has appropriate skills. Criteria for excellence cannot be dropped for an extended periot of time without serious social and economic repercussions. (Author/AM)

Examines the emergence and fragmentation of the panethnic Local in Hawaiian interracial relations. It explores, within the fractious debate over affirmative action in the 1970s and 1980s, the underrepresented island minorities' challenging of the privileged Local elite that intensified inter-Asian-Pacific tensions and fragmented the panethnic…

Presents an ethnographic study of the Asian Business Association in San Diego (California) highlighting the role that well-educated first generation immigrants play in pan-Asian economic mobilization. It examines how the first and subsequent generations challenged the institutionalized economic barriers in order to protect and promote their…

Examines the justice claims made by opponents and proponents of affirmative action and argues the need to consider the scope of justice embedded in the affirmative action debate. It describes the scope of justice, factors causing its change over time, its application to the affirmative action controversy, and presents a table clarifying the…

Suggests that key question is not whether quotas are right or wrong but at what level particular quotas should be set, what the rate of change to achieve a particular goal should be, when to increase or eliminate them, and the establishment of procedures and personnel used for executing them. (Author/AM)

Suggests that proportionality is the natural and logical outcome of a merit society in which race and ethnicity are irrelevant for eligibility, allocation of position, and distribution of rewards. (Author/AM)

This collection of essays deals with the multiple origins of Americans from a variety of points of view. It is designed to involve students in the discussion and debate over the nature and meaning of America's social diversity. Following an introduction by the editor, the essays are presented in five categories, each of which is preceded by an…

The British government insists that all of its possible sources of ethnic minority teachers have problems that may reduce the supply. The government is caught in a trap created by its own attitudes about affirmative action and is obsessed by educational traditions that no longer work. (MSE)

For people concerned with the future of diversity in the United States, the month of June 2003 was a momentous watershed. Nearly four decades earlier, President Lyndon B. Johnson first advocated affirmative action as a means to "seek not just freedom, but opportunity." June 2003 also saw the 25th anniversary of the U.S. Supreme Court's…

Presents an interview with Nathan Glazer, professor of Education and Sociology at Harvard University. Discusses such civil right-related issues as the ascendance of minority interests in American politics; the question of whether affirmative action has helped Blacks; and the advancement of new immigrants to the United States. (KH)