Describes a metacognitive strategy that has shown the ability to improve the reading comprehension of poor readers and learning disabled adolescents. (FL)

Describes a metacognitive approach to improving vocabulary. The method trains students to establish a network of relationships among words and relate the words to personal experiences. (HOD)

Researchers have found that readers they described as "strategic" had a purpose for reading, that they monitored their comprehension as they read, and they reflected on their reading. Although most readers have grasped fundamental reading processes by age 12, they still do not have well-articulated concepts about effective strategies to…

This study assessed the effectiveness of a metacognitive and reciprocal teaching approach for improving the word identification and reading comprehension skills of upper primary poor readers in a regular classroom situation. To improve word identification skills, experimental subjects were given metacognitive training in the analysis and…

Reviews research on metacomprehension, indicating that awareness and control of cognitive activity are key characteristics of successful independent readers. Presents findings from a study of 25 university students taught to use a text-marking system. Reports that the system led to more sophisticated levels of metacognitive awareness. Sample text…

Investigates young children's literacy activity within play settings designed to reflect authentic literacy contexts in children's real-world environment. Finds that, in the course of play activities, children demonstrated declarative knowledge about literacy (e.g. names of literacy objects), procedural knowledge, and strategic knowledge. Suggests…

Uses four case analyses to develop a historical, composite portrait of highly proficient college freshman readers, providing a data base from which reading behavior, attitudes, interest, and experiences can be described, discussed, and analyzed. Confirms all that has been learned, through current research, regarding language and the reading…

When children with learning disabilities fail to learn effective reading strategies, they lose enthusiasm and develop negative self-perceptions and attitudes, jeopardizing future achievement. In response, instructional approaches emphasizing clear explanation of reading strategies and discussion of processes for constructing meaning have been…

Discussions and critiques are provided of reading research from the perspective of second-language acquisition; they include theoretical advances, the role of schemata, native language reading ability and second language proficiency, cognitive strategies and metacognition, and reading research methods and assessments. (112 references) (GLR)

Results of an experimental metacognitive training study of 64 10th graders suggest that graphic organizers, using precise graphical/ pictorial cues, improves reading comprehension of self-perceived, test-confirmed, low-achieving readers by inducing "look-back" or rereading of specific passages to locate test question answers. An appendix contains…

Outlines instructional activities for developing three subsets of metacognitive awareness--task awareness, strategy awareness, and performance awareness. Argues that students will be effective and efficient learners only by knowing what to study, how best to study it, and whether it has been learned. (RS)

Examines the strategies readers engage in by analyzing their self reporting responses during and after reading a passage. Argues that teachers should instruct children to be aware of the nature and effectiveness of their own reading strategies. (RAE)

Twenty-nine prelingually, profoundly deaf adolescents were interviewed to assess their metacognitive knowledge about school-related reading. Students' schemata for school-related reading were largely skill based and passive and lacked mature metacognitive knowledge that would enable students to gain the most from their reading instruction and…

Compares the types of metacognitive reading strategies and comprehension problems that four Mexican-American, fourth-grade bilingual students demonstrated while reading expository and narrative texts in English and Spanish. Finds students successfully using code-mixing, code-switching, and paraphrased translating to enhance their comprehension.…

Discusses how educators are increasingly recognizing the value of instruction that focuses on developing metacognitive skills, or comprehensive strategies for thinking and independent learning. Summarizes research on metacognitive reading skills and then describes two sample classroom exercises to teach these skills to developmental college…