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Showing 91 to 105 of 248 results Save | Export
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Porter, Melanie A.; Coltheart, Max; Langdon, Robyn – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2008
This study examined Theory of Mind in Williams syndrome (WS) and in normal chronological age-matched and mental age-matched control groups, using a picture sequencing task. This task assesses understanding of pretence, intention and false belief, while controlling for social-script knowledge and physical cause-and-effect reasoning. The task was…
Descriptors: Control Groups, Mental Age, Age, Neuropsychology
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Lifshitz, Heftziba; Katz, Yaacov J. – European Journal of Special Needs Education, 2009
This study compared behavioural, cognitive, and motivational components of religiosity among 54 Jewish adolescents (aged 13-21 years) and 35 adults (aged 30-60 years) with intellectual disability (ID) (IQ=40-69). A special questionnaire was constructed based on several previous studies by other authors. A different pattern was found between age…
Descriptors: Jews, Mental Retardation, Older Adults, Adolescents
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Galeote, Miguel; Soto, Pilar; Checa, Elena; Gomez, Aurora; Lamela, Elena – Journal of Intellectual & Developmental Disability, 2008
Background: It is generally assumed that children with Down syndrome (DS) present a deficit in lexical production relative to their cognitive abilities. However, the literature on this topic has recently shown several contradictory results. In addition, most studies only consider vocabulary production in its vocal modality. However it is also…
Descriptors: Down Syndrome, Cognitive Development, Language Acquisition, Vocabulary Development
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Williams, David; Happe, Francesca; Jarrold, Christopher – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2008
Background: Inner speech has been linked to higher-order cognitive processes including "theory of mind", self-awareness and executive functioning, all of which are impaired in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Individuals with ASD, themselves, report a propensity for visual rather than verbal modes of thinking. This study explored the extent to…
Descriptors: Inner Speech (Subvocal), Autism, Short Term Memory, Comparative Analysis
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Davis-Unger, Angela C.; Carlson, Stephanie M. – Mind, Brain, and Education, 2008
Teaching others effectively may rely on knowledge about the mind as well as self-control processes. The goal of this investigation was to explore the role of theory of mind (ToM) and executive function (EF) in children's developing teaching skills. Children 3.5-5.5 years of age (N = 82) were asked to teach a confederate learner how to play a board…
Descriptors: Games, Mental Age, Teaching Skills, Young Children
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Van der Molen, M. J.; Van Luit, J. E. H.; Jongmans, M. J.; Van der Molen, M. W. – Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 2007
Background: Previous research into working memory of individuals with intellectual disabilities (ID) has established clear deficits. The current study examined working memory in children with mild ID (IQ 55-85) within the framework of the Baddeley model, fractionating working memory into a central executive and two slave systems, the phonological…
Descriptors: Memory, Mental Age, Developmental Delays, Mild Mental Retardation
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Siller, Michael; Sigman, Marian – Developmental Psychology, 2008
The objective of the current study was to evaluate the patterns of longitudinal change in the language abilities of 28 children with autism during early and middle childhood. Results from fitting a series of multilevel models showed that children's rate of language growth was independently predicted by (a) children's responsiveness to others' bids…
Descriptors: Mental Age, Autism, Language Acquisition, Longitudinal Studies
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Murfett, Romana; Powell, Martine B.; Snow, Pamela C. – Journal of Intellectual & Developmental Disability, 2008
Background: This study examined the ability of 78 children (aged 9-12 years) with an intellectual disability (ID) to provide a narrative account of a staged event they had participated in four days earlier. Method: The children were interviewed using open-ended questions. The quality of their responses (using a story grammar framework) was…
Descriptors: Control Groups, Story Grammar, Mental Age, Mental Retardation
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Dahlgren, Svenolof; Sandberg, Annika Dahlgren – Autism: The International Journal of Research and Practice, 2008
Referential communication was studied in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) including children with autism and Asperger syndrome. The aim was to study alternative explanations for the children's communicative problems in such situations. Factors studied were theory of mind, IQ, verbal ability and memory. The main results demonstrated…
Descriptors: Mental Age, Autism, Asperger Syndrome, Intelligence Quotient
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Trezise, Kim L.; Gray, Kylie M.; Sheppard, Dianne M. – Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 2008
Background: Down syndrome (DS) has been the focus of much cognitive and developmental research; however, there is a gap in knowledge regarding sustained attention, particularly across different sensory domains. This research examined the hypothesis that children with DS would demonstrate superior visual rather than auditory performance on a…
Descriptors: Mental Age, Mental Retardation, Down Syndrome, Children
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Chiang, Chung-Hsin; Soong, Wei-Tsuen; Lin, Tzu-Ling; Rogers, Sally J. – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2008
Objective: The study was to examine nonverbal communication in young children with autism. Methods: The participants were 23 young children with autism (mean CA = 32.79 months), 23 CA and MA-matched children with developmental delay and 22 18-20-month-old, and 22 13-15-month-old typically developing toddlers and infants. The abbreviated Early…
Descriptors: Young Children, Nonverbal Communication, Autism, Infants
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Bernabei, P.; Cerquiglini, A.; Cortesi, F.; D' Ardia, C. – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2007
Developmental regression is a complex phenomenon which occurs in 20-49% of the autistic population. Aim of the study was to assess possible differences in the development of regressed and non-regressed autistic preschoolers. We longitudinally studied 40 autistic children (18 regressed, 22 non-regressed) aged 2-6 years. The following developmental…
Descriptors: Intervals, Play, Mental Age, Expressive Language
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van der Schuit, M.; Peeters, M.; Segers, E.; van Balkom, H.; Verhoeven, L. – Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 2009
Background: For pre-school children, the home literacy environment (HLE) plays an important role in the development of language and literacy skills. As there is little known about the HLE of children with intellectual disabilities (ID), the aim of the present study was to investigate the HLE of children with ID in comparison with children without…
Descriptors: Preschool Children, Family Environment, Language Skills, Mental Age
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Heaton, Pamela; Allen, Rory; Williams, Kerry; Cummins, Omar; Happe, Francesca – British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 2008
Children with autism experience difficulties in understanding social affective cues, and it has been suggested that such deficits will generalize to music. In order to investigate this proposal, typically developing individuals and children with autism and Down syndrome were compared on tasks measuring perception of affective and movement states…
Descriptors: Evidence, Cues, Mental Age, Music
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Barbaro, Josephine; Dissanayake, Cheryl – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2007
The use and understanding of self-presentational display rules (SPDRs) was investigated in 21 children with high-functioning autism (FHA), 18 children with Asperger's disorder (AspD) and 20 typically developing (TD) children (all male, aged 4- to 11-years, matched on mental age). Their behaviour was coded during a deception scenario to assess use…
Descriptors: Comparative Analysis, Mental Age, Asperger Syndrome, Autism
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