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Maljaars, Jarymke; Noens, Ilse; Jansen, Rianne; Scholte, Evert; van Berckelaer-Onnes, Ina – Journal of Communication Disorders, 2011
In this study we characterized profiles of communicative functions and forms of children with autism and intellectual disability (n = 26), as compared to typically developing children (n = 26) with a comparable nonverbal mental age (2-5 years). Videotapes of the Communication and Symbolic Behavior Scales--Developmental Profile were analyzed using…
Descriptors: Video Technology, Mental Age, Mental Retardation, Autism
Lanfranchi, S.; Jerman, O.; Dal Pont, E.; Alberti, A.; Vianello, R. – Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 2010
Background: The present work is aimed at analysing executive function (EF) in adolescents with Down Syndrome (DS). So far, EF has been analysed mainly in adults with DS, showing a pattern of impairment. However, less is known about children and adolescents with this syndrome. Studying adolescents with DS might help us better understand whether…
Descriptors: Adolescents, Down Syndrome, Adults, Alzheimers Disease
Van der Molen, M. J.; Van Luit, J. E. H.; Van der Molen, Maurits W.; Jongmans, Marian J. – American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, 2010
Everyday memory and its relationship to working memory was investigated in adolescents with mild intellectual disability and compared to typically developing adolescents of the same age (CA) and younger children matched on mental age (MA). Results showed a delay on almost all memory measures for the adolescents with mild intellectual disability…
Descriptors: Mental Age, Mild Mental Retardation, Adolescents, Short Term Memory
Bal, Vanessa Hus; Kim, So-Hyun; Cheong, Daniel; Lord, Catherine – Autism: The International Journal of Research and Practice, 2015
Daily living skills (DLS), such as personal hygiene, meal preparation, and money management, are important to independent living. Research suggests that many individuals with autism spectrum disorder exhibit impairments in daily living skills relative to their cognitive skills. This study examined predictors of daily living skills attainment and…
Descriptors: Daily Living Skills, Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Children
Vanvuchelen, M.; Feys, H.; De Weerdt, W. – Research in Developmental Disabilities: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 2011
The emergence of the Down syndrome (DS) behavioural phenotype during early development may be of great importance for early intervention. The main goal of this study was to investigate the good-imitator-poor-talker developmental profile in DS at preschool age. Twenty children with Down syndrome (DS; mean nonverbal mental age NMA 1 y10 m) and 15…
Descriptors: Early Intervention, Language Acquisition, Imitation, Down Syndrome
Capitao, Liliana; Sampaio, Adriana; Fernandez, Montse; Sousa, Nuno; Pinheiro, Ana; Goncalves, Oscar F. – Research in Developmental Disabilities: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 2011
Individuals with Williams syndrome display indiscriminate approach towards strangers. Neuroimaging studies conducted so far have linked this social profile to structural and/or functional abnormalities in WS amygdala and prefrontal cortex. In this study, the neuropsychological hypotheses of amygdala and prefrontal cortex involvement in WS…
Descriptors: Mental Age, Age, Nonverbal Communication, Profiles
Gilmore, Linda; Cuskelly, Monica; Jobling, Anne; Hayes, Alan – Research in Developmental Disabilities: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 2009
Maternal behaviors and child mastery behaviors were examined in 25 children with Down syndrome and 43 typically developing children matched for mental age (24-36 months). During a shared problem-solving task, there were no group differences in maternal directiveness or support for autonomy, and mothers in the two groups used similar verbal…
Descriptors: Mental Age, Mothers, Persistence, Down Syndrome
Ricci, Leila A. – International Journal of Special Education, 2011
This study examined the reading interest and emergent literacy skills of 31 children with Down syndrome (DS) ages 7 to 13. Parents completed questionnaires on their children's interest in reading, home literacy environments, and parental beliefs about reading. Children were then assessed on their cognitive and emergent literacy skills.…
Descriptors: Children, Down Syndrome, Reading Interests, Emergent Literacy
Christensen, Lisa; Hutman, Ted; Rozga, Agata; Young, Gregory S.; Ozonoff, Sally; Rogers, Sally J.; Baker, Bruce; Sigman, Marian – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2010
We observed infant siblings of children with autism later diagnosed with ASD (ASD siblings; n = 17), infant siblings of children with autism with and without other delays (Other Delays and No Delays siblings; n = 12 and n = 19, respectively) and typically developing controls (TD controls; n = 19) during a free-play task at 18 months of age.…
Descriptors: Siblings, Play, Mental Age, Autism
Karmiloff-Smith, Annette – Developmental Psychology, 2009
This article argues that one dominant position in psychology, linguistics, neuroscience, and philosophy about how genetic disorders point to the innate specification of dissociated modules in the human brain should be replaced by a dynamic, neuroconstructivist approach in which genes, brain, cognition, and environment interact multidirectionally.…
Descriptors: Intelligence, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Mental Age, Genetics
Wilson, Andrea; Wilson, Jon – Online Submission, 2012
(Purpose) The purpose of this research model is to determine if a gifted preschool child will be less likely to experience severe emotional disturbance (SED) if he, or she, has been exposed to a curriculum that is appropriate for his, or her, mental age and an environment with true peers that is appropriate for his, or her, chronological age. …
Descriptors: Behavior Problems, Mental Age, Early Intervention, Academically Gifted
Schuchardt, K.; Gebhardt, M.; Maehler, C. – Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 2010
Background: In recent years, there has been increased research interest in the functioning of working memory in people with intellectual disabilities. Although studies have repeatedly found these individuals to have weak working memory skills, few investigations have distinguished between different degrees of intellectual disability. This study…
Descriptors: Learning Problems, Mental Age, Age, Investigations
Funazaki, Yasuhiro; Oi, Manabu – Child Language Teaching and Therapy, 2013
This study aimed to clarify factors related to difficulties in responding to "yes/no" questions (Y/N-Qs) among 52 children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), 41 boys and 11 girls aged between 3:5-16:0 years. Participants completed the Tanaka-Binet Intelligence Scale V, the Picture Vocabulary Test: Revised (PVT-R), and the Pervasive…
Descriptors: Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Responses, Communication Problems
Lifshitz, Hefziba; Shtein, Sarit; Weiss, Izhak; Vakil, Eli – European Journal of Special Needs Education, 2011
This meta-analysis combines the effect size (ES) of 40 explicit memory experiments in populations with intellectual disability (ID). Eight meta-analyses were performed, as well as contrast tests between ES. The explicit memory of participants with ID was inferior to that of participants with typical development (TD). Relatively preserved explicit…
Descriptors: Control Groups, Mental Age, Memory, Memorization
Palomares, Melanie; Englund, Julia A.; Ahlers, Stephanie – Research in Developmental Disabilities: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 2011
Williams Syndrome (WS) is a developmental disorder typified by deficits in visuospatial cognition. To understand the nature of this deficit, we characterized how people with WS perceive visual orientation, a fundamental ability related to object identification. We compared WS participants to typically developing children (3-6 years of age) and…
Descriptors: Mental Age, Mental Retardation, Genetic Disorders, Developmental Disabilities