Prior to developing faculty development programmes to improve reflection-in-action abilities while teaching, we sought to elaborate how T2 (teaching & thinking)-in-action is perceived by teachers using the theoretical framework of metacognition. We interviewed seven highly rated clinical teachers. Qualitative analysis techniques were used to…

The one-minute preceptor (OMP) was originally developed in the ambulatory care setting as a time-efficient teaching technique for learner-centered clinical training. There are also possible advantages of using the OMP in the gross anatomy laboratory. However, in a previous study it was found that providing training to experienced gross anatomy…

The design, development, and implementation of procedures for peer review of teaching are described. Colleague observations and judgments are used to augment student/resident ratings of teaching for purposes of instructional improvement and academic promotions. Three different departmental review committee structures and procedures are reviewed.…

Rights and responsibilities for evaluating student cognitive and noncognitive abilities rest with the medical faculty. If faculty conscientiously exercise professional judgment and schools use appropriate due process, medical schools will be protected from adverse court decisions and high academic standards will be maintained. (Author/MSE)

Characteristics of best and worst clinical teachers in medicine are described by a random sample of medical school faculty, residents, and third- and fourth-year students at the University of Washington. "Best" characteristics include enthusiasm, clear organization, and skills in interacting with students and residents. (Author/LBH)

Describes a survey of 20 distinguished clinical medical teachers concerning episodes of instructional failure that subsequently led to improvement in teaching. Identifies eight common failure types associated with each phase of teaching (planning, teaching, reflection) and respondents' suggestions for improvement for each. Notes that the…

A University of Washington medical faculty survey identified 43 psychomotor skills deemed essential for physicians by over 60 percent of respondents. A committee of clerkship directors refined the list to 28 skills that should be required for graduation. The data are used to specify educational objectives and design tests. (Author/MSE)

Medical school faculty cite the fear of litigation as a reason for their reluctance to offer candid evaluations of students' and residents' performances and to dismiss them when necessary. Three legal issues are addressed: fair and equitable treatment, due process, libelous and defamatory performance evaluations, etc. (Author/MLW)

A 1988 survey of 122 senior medical students and 60 residents at the University of Washington indicated the most important characteristics of ambulatory care teachers were active involvement of learners, promotion of learner autonomy, and demonstration of patient care skills. Environmental factors were not influential. (Author/MSE)

Using information drawn from a study of six distinguished clinical medical teachers, six domains of knowledge essential to quality clinical teaching were identified and incorporated in a model: knowledge of clinical medicine, patients, the context of teaching rounds, learners, general principles of teaching and learning, and case-based teaching…

A comprehensive medical school faculty-development program should include four elements (professional socialization, particularly for new faculty; instructional development skill-building; leadership development; and organizational development) to empower faculty to excel as educators and to create vibrant academic communities that value teaching…

The challenge of clinical teaching is to transform novice medical students into practicing physicians. Four issues are addressed: strengths of clinical education; major problems with clinical teaching; key roles faculty and residents perform; and strategies for improving clinical teaching. (MLW)