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Holden, Constance – Science, 1982
Reviews the pros and cons of using animals or alternatives in scientific research. Such alternatives (as indicated in congressional bill HR 556) include mathematical models, isolated organs, tissue and cell cultures, computer simulations, mechanical models, and "lower" organisms among others. (SK)
Descriptors: Animals, Biology, Biomedicine, College Science

Holden, Constance – Science, 1978
Presents several research studies which investigate how emotional and psychological factors relate to the risk of getting cancer. The need for bringing psychologists, psychotherapists, biochemists and other specialists in team efforts to investigate psychosomatic aspects of cancer is recommended. (HM)
Descriptors: Biochemistry, Cancer, Health, Medical Education

Holden, Constance – Science, 1990
Discussed is the movement against the use of dissections in science laboratories. Examples of protests across the United States are included. Compared is the plight of using animals in a biology classroom and the demise of the teaching of evolution in some areas. (KR)
Descriptors: Animal Facilities, Animals, Biology, College Science